摘要
聚合物合成过程中,挥发分含量过多影响聚合物加工工艺、产品质量及生态环境。综述了聚合物脱挥过程中闪蒸脱挥、起泡脱挥及扩散脱挥等3种脱挥过程,其中,闪蒸脱挥适用于挥发分含量高、体系黏度不高的工况,起泡脱挥可使聚合物中挥发分质量分数从20%降至5%以下,扩散脱挥可使聚合物中挥发分质量分数降至1%~5%;阐述了闪蒸器、落条式脱挥器、落膜式脱挥器等传统静态脱挥设备,旋转薄膜型脱挥器、卧式表面更新型脱挥器、排气挤出型脱挥器等动态脱挥设备,以及超重力脱挥、超声脱挥、超临界脱挥等新型脱挥设备,指出需继续在传统脱挥技术上进行改进,或结合新型脱挥技术,开发适用广泛、节能环保的新型脱挥技术。
Extremely high volatile content impacts the polymer processing technology,product quality and ecological environment in polymer synthesis process.Three devolatilization processes including flash devolatilization,foaming devolatilization and diffusion devolatilization were reviewed.Flash devolatilization is applicable to the operating conditions of high volatile content and low viscosity of the system,foaming devolatilization can reduce the volatile mass fraction from 20%to less than 5%in the polymer,and diffusion devolatilization can reduce the volatile mass fraction to 1%-5%in the polymer.The traditional static devolatilization equipments such as flash vaporizer,falling strand devolatilizer,falling membrane devolatilizer,the dynamic devolatilization equipments such as rotating membrane devolatilizer,horizontal surface renewal devolatilizer,exhaust extrusion devolatilizer,and the new devolatilization equipments such as super-gravity devolatilizer,ultrasonic devolatilizer,supercritical devolatilizer were described.It was pointed out that it be necessary to continue to improve the traditional devolatilization technology or combine and develop the new devolatilization technologies that are widely applicable,energy-saving and environmental friendly.
作者
李大伟
LI Dawei(SINOPEC Shanghai Research Institute of Petrochemical Technology,Shanghai 201208)
出处
《合成纤维工业》
CAS
2022年第4期58-63,共6页
China Synthetic Fiber Industry
关键词
聚合物
挥发分
脱挥技术
静态脱挥设备
动态脱挥设备
polymer
volatile
devolatilization technology
static devolatilization equipment
dynamic devolatilization equipment
