摘要
新冠肺炎疫情大流行给国际民用航空运输带来前所未有的冲击,国际航空旅行、货物流动和供应链受阻,世界经济承压。航空运输的跨国性和疫情全球大流行的特征,决定了各国无法独自应对全球公共卫生危机下国际民用航空运输这一全球问题。国际民航组织虽可协调各国合作,但相关决议和决定缺乏约束力,民航公共卫生国际标准和建议措施不成体系,各国对国际民航组织授权有限且不能有效实施国际标准,这些是全球民航领域在应对新冠肺炎疫情中暴露出来的共同问题。在应对全球公共卫生危机中,中国民航业积累了丰富经验,在全球率先实现国内行业复苏,有关措施已列入国际民航组织的指导材料。中国可继续在国际民航组织提出完善民用航空旅行的全球方案,进一步推动全球民用航空卫生国际标准审计的扩展和完善,促进各国提高应对全球公共卫生危机的能力,实现全球民航复苏,加强全球民航治理。
The COVID-19 pandemic has deeply impacted the global air transport. The international air transportation of passengers and cargo was disrupted, the supply chain was blocked, and the world economy was under pressure. No single State can deal alone with the global issue of international air transport effectively, given the nature of trans-border air transport operation and the rapid spread of infectious disease of the pandemic. The International Civil Aviation Organization(ICAO), being one of the specialized agencies of the United Nations, plays a key role in promoting international coordination and cooperation among Member States and stakeholders on international civil aviation matters during the COVID-19 pandemic, yet it still faces the challenge of the limited delegation of authorities from its Member States, the lack of binding force of the Chicago Convention and the Assembly resolutions, the lack of systematic and dedicated public health related international standards and recommended practices, and the low effective global implementation of the relevant international standards. China has gained rich experience in epidemic prevention and control and has taken the lead in its recovery of air transport. The relevant measures were included in the ICAO guidance materials to its Member States. It is recommended that China, together with other Member States and relevant stakeholders, continues the efforts within the multilateral framework of the ICAO, to improve the global air transport recovery guidance and documents, and to consider building consensus and seeking authorization from Member States for compulsory audit on the compliance of Member States to aviation related public health international standards, aiming at improving the capabilities of Member States in dealing with public health emergencies from the civil aviation perspective, recovering international civil aviation, strengthening the resilience of global civil aviation, and further enhancing global civil aviation governance.
出处
《国际法研究》
CSSCI
2022年第4期35-52,共18页
Chinese Review of International Law
