摘要
目的 调查昆明市妇幼保健机构工作人员对艾滋病的认知情况并探索其影响因素,为妇幼保健机构开展艾滋病健康教育工作,减少相关歧视,创建防治艾滋病的良好社会氛围提供依据。方法 抽取14家昆明市、县两级妇幼保健机构的工作人员,运用德尔菲专家咨询法设计调查问卷,对工作人员的艾滋病认知情况及影响因素进行调查。采用χ2检验、非条件多因素Logistic回归分析工作人员对艾滋病认知情况及影响因素。结果 共调查659人,对艾滋病患者存在认知偏差的450人,认知偏差率68.29%,没有接受过减少耻辱和歧视培训(OR=1.904,95%CI:1.159~3.127,P=0.011)、不知道减少耻辱和歧视培训(OR=1.929,95%CI:1.015~3.665,P=0.045);不知道在提供卫生保健或服务时是否需要戴双层手套(OR=2.736,95%CI:1.328~5.636,P=0.006);触摸过感染者/患者的床单衣物,对感染HIV有些担忧(OR=3.381,95%CI:2.140~5.340,P<0.001)或担忧(OR=3.526,95%CI:1.682~7.392,P=0.001);认为歧视感染者/患者可能会有麻烦(OR=2.701,95%CI:1.613~4.522,P<0.001);认为卫生机构没有足够保护措施可以使其免受HIV感染(OR=1.839,95%CI:1.220~2.771,P=0.004)是引起认知偏差的危险因素;职业风险类别为非暴露是保护因素(OR=0.407,95%CI:0.278~0.596,P<0.001)。结论 昆明市、县两级妇幼保健机构工作人员对艾滋病患者还存在一定程度的歧视,应有针对性地开展相关培训,进一步规范妇幼保健机构管理,努力消除对HIV/AIDS患者歧视心理。
Objective To investigate the cognition of AIDS and its influencing factors of staffs in Kunming maternal and child health care institutions.Methods The convenience sampling method was used to select the staff of many maternal and child health institutions at the city and county levels in Kunming city.The Delphi expert consultation method was used to design a questionnaire to investigate the staff’s awareness of AIDS and its influencing factors.χ2test and unconditional multivariate logistic regression were used to analyze the knowledge of AIDS and its influencing factors among workers.Results Among the 659 investigators,450 people with a cognitive bias towards AIDS patients,the cognitive bias rate was 68.29%.In addition,the survey showed that items such as lack of training on reducing stigma and discrimination(OR=1.904,95%CI:1.159-3.127,P=0.011),lack of awareness about training(OR=1.929,95%CI:1.015-3.665,P=0.045),unknown of "double gloves are required when providing health care or services"(OR=2.736,95%CI:1.328-5.636,P=0.006),concerning on "having touched the clothes,sheets"(OR=3.381,95%CI:2.140-5.340,P<0.001) or with serious concern(OR=3.526,95%CI:1.682-7.392,P=0.001),agree on "I would be in trouble if I discriminated against patients"(OR=2.701,95%CI:1.613-4.522,P=0.004) and"insufficient protection against HIV infection in health facilities"(OR=1.839,95%CI:1.220-2.771,P=0.004)were risk factors for cognitive bias.Occupational risk was classified as non-exposure is a protective factor(OR=0.407,95%CI:0.278-0.596,P<0.001).Conclusions There is discrimination among the staff of maternal and child health care institutions in Kunming,AIDS expertise and training in reducing discrimination should be carried out to standardize management in maternal and child health care institutions to eliminate HIV/AIDS discrimination.
作者
贺晓烨
王莹
杨海云
赖雅芳
李海艳
雷艳娟
李琳
HE Xiaoye;WANG Ying;YANG Haiyun;LAI Yafang;LI Haiyan;LEI Yanjuan;LI Lin(Kunming City Maternal and Child Health Hospital/Kunming Municipal Service Center for Matermal&Child Health,Kunming 650118,Yunnan,China;The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University,Urumqi 830054,Xinjiang)
出处
《中国艾滋病性病》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2022年第7期835-838,共4页
Chinese Journal of Aids & STD
基金
2019年昆明市卫生健康委员会卫生科研课题项目(2019-12-03-001)
新疆维吾尔自治区自然科学基金资助项目(2021D01C327)。
