摘要
探究应用植保无人机进行变量喷施水稻田间除草作业的雾滴沉积分布特性,以T30植保无人机配套的SX110015VS型航空喷头为研究对象,在室内采用DP-02激光粒度仪对其雾化性能进行测试,分别测定了0.35,0.40,0.45L·min-1共3种常规作业喷雾流量下雾滴粒径的分布特性。田间试验研究设定12个沉积采集区和3条飘移采集带,测定T30植保无人机进行田间变量除草作业的实际雾滴沉积效果。结果表明:植保无人机所使用的SX110015VS型航空喷头具有良好的雾化性能,雾化等级为细(Fine);田间作业时,在设定的不喷施农药区域中有检测到雾滴沉积,但雾滴覆盖率、沉积密度以及沉积量均要低于设定的喷施农药区域,且三者在各个区域中变化规律较一致;同时,田间各采样区域测得的雾滴沉积量变异系数均很大;喷施农药区域和不喷施农药区域的雾滴粒径在200μm以下的居多,比例均处于50%以上,此外,与喷头雾化性能测试相比,300μm以上的雾滴粒径占比有所提升;研究还发现,在3条飘移采集带上检测到的飘移量相对较少,90%累积飘移量所对应的最远飘移影响距离分别为6.55m(飘移采集带1)、13.2m(飘移采集带2)和12.3m(飘移采集带3);经进一步测定,飘移采集带上200μm以下的雾滴粒径占比均高于85%,说明小雾滴容易发生飘移。研究结果可为植保无人机田间除草变量施药作业提供参考,对合理施药、提高农药利用率并减轻飘移也具有一定指导意义。
The main objective of this study was to investigate the droplet deposition distribution characteristics of a plant protection drone for variable spraying weed control operations in paddy field. Firstly, the aerial nozzle SX110015VS, which was used with the T30 drone, was tested indoors using a DP-02 laser diffraction device to determine the droplet size distribution for three common spraying rates of 0.35, 0.40, 0.45L·min^(-1)respectively. Then the field trial study containing 12 deposition collection areas and three drift collection strips was conducted to determine the droplet deposition effect in field for variable weed control operations with the T30 plant protection drone. The results show that the SX110015VS aerial nozzle used by the UAV has a good atomization performance with a fine atomization level. In the field operation, droplet deposition was detected in the non-pesticide application areas, but the droplet coverage, deposition density and deposition volume were all lower than that in the pesticide application areas, and the three parameters varied in a consistent pattern across all areas. All of the coefficient of variation of the droplet deposition measured in each sampling area in the field were large. Over 50% of the droplet sizes in the pesticide sprayed and non-pesticide sprayed areas were below 200μm and the percentage of droplet sizes above 300μm increased compared to that of the indoor nozzle performance tests. The drifts detected on the three drift collection strips were relatively low with the farthest drift impact distance corresponding to 90% of the accumulated drift was 6.55m(drift collection strip 1), 13.2m(drift collection strip 2) and 12.3m(drift collection strip 3), respectively.Furthermore, the percentage of droplet size below 200μm on the drift collection zone was higher than 85%, indicating that small droplets were prone to drift. The results of the study can be used as a reference for the variable application of weed control by plant protection drones in the field, and can als
作者
刘益含
金伟达
郭爽
姚伟祥
于丰华
陈春玲
LIU Yi-han;JIN Wei-da;GUO Shuang;YAO Wei-xiang;YU Feng-hua;CHEN Chun-ling(College of Information and Electrical Engineering,Shenyang Agricultural University,Shenyang 110161,China;Liaoning Engineering Research Center for Informatization Technology in Agricultural,Shenyang Agricultural University,Shenyang 110161,China)
出处
《沈阳农业大学学报》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2022年第3期337-345,共9页
Journal of Shenyang Agricultural University
基金
辽宁省教育厅重点攻关项目(LSNZD202005)
辽宁省科学技术计划项目(2019JH2/10200002)。
关键词
变量喷施
植保无人机
雾滴沉积
水稻田间除草
效果检测
variable spraying
plant protection drones
droplet deposition
weed control in paddy fields
effectiveness testing
