摘要
突破性技术创新是实现碳达峰和碳中和目标的必经之路和重要支撑。文章通过匹配碳交易市场试点企业数据与2010—2019年中国上市企业绿色专利数据,从专利引用结构、专利技术领域及专利影响力等维度构建企业创新策略指标,综合运用双重差分法、合成双重差分法等方法实证检验碳交易市场对企业创新策略的影响。研究发现:①碳交易市场显著促进了企业探索新知识的突破式创新活动。减排企业发明家群体中最具创造力的发明家比例提升了7.1%~7.2%,这意味着企业更加愿意投资于高技能人力资本,以寻求突破式技术进步。②行业上,作为主要规制对象的污染行业企业的突破式创新活动更为显著;政策设计上,基于强度的碳配额分配方式更有利于推动企业进行突破式创新,而基于总量的碳交易市场下企业渐进式创新的效果更加明显。③企业所处的本地创新生态亦会对企业创新策略产生影响。当企业处于创新要素更丰富、流动更充分、联系更紧密的创新生态系统时,企业就更容易产生突破式创新。
Breakthrough technology innovation is important to achieve the goal of carbon neutrality.By matching the data of carbon trading market pilot enterprises with the data of green patents of Chinese listed enterprises from 2010 to 2019,this article constructed indicators of enterprise innovation strategies from the dimensions of patent citation structure,patent technology field,and patent influ‑ence,and empirically tested the impact of the carbon trading market on the innovation strategies of these enterprises by using the Differ‑ence-in-Differences method and the Synthetic Difference-in-Differences method.The results showed that:①The carbon trading market significantly promoted the breakthrough innovation activities of enterprises exploring new knowledge.Correspondingly,the proportion of the most creative ones in the group of inventors in emission-reducing firms increased by 7.1%−7.2%,implying that these enterprises were more willing to invest in highly skilled human capital to seek breakthrough technological advances.②From an industrial perspec‑tive,firms in polluting industries,the main targets of regulation,had more significant breakthrough innovation activities;from a policy perspective,the rate-based carbon quota allocation approach was more conducive to firms’breakthrough innovation,while the effect of their incremental innovation was more pronounced under a mass-based carbon trading market.③The local innovation ecosystem of the enterprises had an impact on their innovation strategies.It was more likely that these enterprises would generate breakthrough innova‑tion when they were in an innovation ecosystem where innovation factors were richer,more fluid,and more connected.
作者
何彦妮
HE Yanni(Institute of Economics,School of Social Sciences,Tsinghua University,Beijing 100084,China)
出处
《中国人口·资源与环境》
CSSCI
CSCD
北大核心
2022年第7期37-48,共12页
China Population,Resources and Environment
基金
国家社会科学基金重大项目“新形势下我国科技创新治理体系现代化研究”(批准号:20&ZD075)。
关键词
碳交易市场
创新策略
绿色技术创新
人力资本
carbon trading market
innovation strategy
green technology innovation
human capital
