摘要
为了避免西部高强度开采矿区发生工作面顶板溃水溃沙灾害,以地表生态脆弱的榆神矿区曹家滩矿井的首采工作面为研究背景,分析了首采工作面煤层的地质概况,确定了影响工作面发生水害事故的充水因素,将物理探测和“三图”法相结合对首采工作面煤层顶板富水性特征及分区进行了综合论证分析。结果表明:大气降水和地表水是矿井的间接充水水源,煤层顶板导水裂隙带波及范围内的延安组、直罗组和基岩风化带含水层的水为直接充水水源;导水裂缝带是矿井发生水害事故的主要充水通道;矿井风化基岩含水层富水性较强,延安组为弱含水层。通过FLAC研究了覆岩裂隙运动破坏规律,工作面推进至180m后,导水裂隙带发育速度增加,推进至240m后达到最大值约159m,覆岩的裂采比为26.5。结合上述分析,提出了以完善矿井水害监测系统和建设防排水系统、合理确定回采参数和培训防治水专业人员相结合的防治水技术改进措施。
In order to avoid the roof water disaster caused by water and sand burst in the working face of high-intensity mining area in Western China, the first working face of Caojiatan Coal Mine in Yushen mining area, which has fragile surface ecology, is taken as an example, the main control factors affecting the roof water disaster is analyzed, and the water prevention measures are put forward. The physical detection and “three Diagrams” method are adopted to comprehensively demonstrate and analyze the water abundance characteristics of coal roof in the first mining face. The results show that the precipitation and surface water are the indirect water source of the mine, and the water from the aquifer of Yan’an Formation, Zhiluo Formation and bedrock weathering zone in the affected area of the water-conducting fracture zone of coal seam roof is the direct water source. The water-conducting fracture zone is the main water-filling channel of mine water disaster. Mine weathered bedrock aquifer is water-abundant and Yan’an Formation is weak aquifer. FLACis used to study the movement and failure law of overburden fractures. When the working face is advanced to 180 m, the development speed of water-conducting fracture zone increases, up to the maximum of 159 m after the working face is advanced to 240 m, and the split-mining ratio of overburden is 26.5. Based on the research results, the improvement measures of water control is proposed, including improving mine water disaster monitoring system and constructing waterproof and drainage system, reasonably determining mining parameters and professional training of water control technicians.
作者
吕扬
马晓涛
王嗣桐
李强
LYU Yang;MA Xiao-tao;WANG Si-tong;LI Qiang(Shaanxi Coal Caojiatan Mining Co.,Ltd.,Yulin 719000,China)
出处
《煤炭工程》
北大核心
2022年第6期75-79,共5页
Coal Engineering
关键词
顶板水害
富水性
防治水技术
高强度回采
覆岩裂隙
roof water disaster
water-abundance
water control technology
high intensity mining
overburden fissure
