摘要
以处于亚热带地区的流溪河为研究对象,研究了流溪河鱼类群落结构特征及其与水环境因子的关系,并筛查了关键标识种。结果显示:调查期间共发现鱼类89种,隶属于8目23科70属,鲤形目(Cypriniformes)物种数量最多,其次是鲇形目(Siliuriformes)、鲈形目(Perciformes)。从源头至下游,流溪河鱼类多样性呈现先增加后降低的趋势,在中游干流河段最高,在下游受污染支流最低。典型对应性分析结果显示,流速、溶解氧、海拔、卵石底质、浅滩栖地是影响上游和支流河段鱼类分布的主要因子,COD_(Mn)、总磷、城市用地比例的增加则可能导致下游河段鱼类多样性降低。通过LEfSe方法筛选出能够反映不同生境断面鱼类群落特征的标识属/种34个,在此基础上,根据不同鱼种对食物来源和水环境栖息地的需求,优选了16个具有重要生态指示功能的标识种。这些标识种不仅能够指示特定的河流环境,还能反映当地食物网的完整性和健康状况,对维系水生态系统的结构和功能具有重要意义。
The characteristics of fish community structure and its relationship with water environmental factors in the subtropical Liuxi River were studied,and the key biomarker species were screened.The results showed that a total of 89 fish species were found,belonging to 8 orders,23 families and 70 genera.Cypryformes had the largest number of species,followed by Siluriformes and Perciformes.From the headwaters to the lower reaches,the fish diversity increased first and then decreased,with the highest values observed in the middle reaches of the main stream and the lowest values observed in the polluted tributary of the lower reaches.Canonical correspondence analysis(CCA)results showed that flow velocity,dissolved oxygen,elevation,pebble substrate and shoal habitat were the main factors affecting fish distribution in the upper streams and the tributaries,while the increase in COD_(Mn),total phosphorus and urban land use might lead to the decreased fish diversity in the lower reaches.Thirty-four fish genera/species were selected as biomarkers by LEfSe method to reflect the main characteristics of fish communities in different habitat sections.On this basis,16 species with important ecological indicator function were selected according to the requirements of different fish species for food source,water environment,and habitat.These biomarker species can not only reflect the specific living environment,but also indicate the integrity and health of the local food webs by distinguishing the predator-prey relationships of food chains,which is of great significance for maintaining the structure and functioning of the aquatic ecosystem.
作者
何文祥
胡丹心
许锐杰
王赛
HE Wenxiang;HU Danxin;XU Ruijie;WANG Sai(Guangzhou Ecological and Environmental Monitoring Center of Guangdong Province,Guangzhou 510006,Guangdong,China;Guangdong Bytest Testing Technology Co.Ltd,Guangzhou 510670,Guangdong,China;School of Light Industry and Engineering,South China University of Technology,Guangzhou 510641,Guangdong,China;State Key Laboratory of Marine Resource Utilization in South China Sea,Hainan University,Haikou 570228,Hainan,China)
出处
《生物资源》
CAS
2022年第3期223-235,284,共14页
Biotic Resources
基金
国家自然科学基金(51909107)
广州市科技计划项目(201704020158)
广州市环保局污染防治新技术(201505040712)
海南省重点研发计划项目(ZDYF2022SHFZ034、ZDYF2022SHFZ032)
海南省自然科学基金(421QN195、421QN196)
海南大学研究生创新科研课题(Qhys2021-210)。
关键词
亚热带河流
鱼类多样性
群落结构
标识种
食物网
subtropical river
fish diversity
community structure
biomarker species
food web
