摘要
非盈利组织(Non-Profit Organizations,NPO)在推动社区花园建设和管理方面可以发挥重要作用。底特律非营利组织在支持本地社区花园发展上取得了显著的成效,以底特律32个社区花园相关NPO为研究对象,重点对其工作内容和组织特点展开研究。从工作内容来讲,NPO主要充当了建设与动员、支持与赋能、协调与连结,以及引导与推动4种主要角色,发挥建设管理、外联动员等多种综合服务作用;从组织特点来讲,NPO倾向于保持小型化,注重协调联动,以核心NPO领导,多NPO辅助的方式开展工作,降低NPO维持社区花园建设发展的成本,保持灵活性,调动社会自组织能力,充分发挥多种综合服务功能,鼓励其采用“核心NPO领导,多NPO协作”的小型化和专业化形式,可以成为“政府+NPO+居民”上下联动支撑中国社区花园发展的有效方式。
Non-profit organizations(NPO)can play an essential role in promoting the construction and management of community gardens.Detroit non-profit organizations have achieved remarkable results in supporting the development of local community gardens.Taking 32 non-profit organizations related to community gardens in Detroit as the research object,this article focuses on the research of their work content and organizational characteristics.Regarding work content,Detroit non-profit organizations mainly play four leading roles:construction and mobilization,support and empowerment,coordination and connection,and guidance and promotion.In addition,they mainly play a variety of integrated services such as construction management,external linkage,mobilization,etc.Regarding organizational characteristics,Detroit non-profit organizations tend to keep small and focus on coordination and connection.They carry out their work with core NPO leadership and multiple NPO assistants.In this way,the cost of Non-profit organizations to maintain the construction and development of community gardens is reduced,and flexibility is maintained.It mobilized the ability of society to self-organize,giving full play to a variety of comprehensive service functions.And it can encourage it to adopt the miniaturization and professional form of“core NPO leadership and multi-NPO collaboration”,which can become an effective way for the“government+NPO+residents”to link up and down to support the development of the Chinese community gardens.
作者
林婕
李倞
王琼
LIN Jie;LI Liang;WANG Qiong(School of Landscape Architecture,Beijing Forestry University,Beijing,China,100083)
出处
《园林》
2022年第8期21-29,共9页
Landscape Architecture Academic Journal
基金
国家自然科学基金面上项目“北京市级绿道规划的慢行活力预测、优化和实施优先级评估方法研究”(编号:32071833)
中央高校基本科研业务费城市园林绿化碳汇功能评价和遥感计量方法优化研究专项资金(编号:2021BLRD25)。
关键词
社区花园
非营利组织
工作内容
组织特点
底特律
community garden
non-profit organization
work content
organizational characteristics
Detroit
