摘要
围填海是开发利用海洋的一种人类活动,围填海虽然促进了福建省沿海地区的经济发展,但是破坏了滨海湿地和近岸海域的生态环境,严重影响了滨海湿地和近岸海域的可持续发展。梳理了1949年至今的福建省围填海活动的进程,可以将福建省围填海活动进程划分为20世纪后50 a的粗放开发阶段和21世纪以来的逐步管控阶段;在此基础上,分析了围填海工程对福建省海岸线和滨海湿地、近岸海域水动力和水环境、地形地貌和沉积环境、生物资源、生态系统功能等方面的影响。为消除或减少福建省围填海活动对近岸海域产生的负面影响,实现海洋经济与生态保护协同发展的目标,从加快处理历史遗留问题、优化提升生态安全格局和有序推进美丽海湾建设三方面,提出了围填海管控与生态修复的相应建议。
Land-reclamation,as an exploitation way for ocean,promoted the economic development of coastal areas in Fujian province.However,it also damaged the ecological environment of coastal wetlands and coastal waters,which seriously influenced the sustainable development of coastal zone.This paper firstly analyzed the process of land-reclamation in Fujian province since 1949.The land-reclamation activities in Fujian Province could be divided into extensive development stage in the second 50 years of the 20th century and gradual control stage since the 21st century.On this basis,the impacts of land-reclamation on coastline and coastal wetlands,hydrodynamic forces and water environment,topography and sedimentary environment,biological resources,and ecosystem functions of the coastal waters in Fujian province were analyzed in detail.In order to eliminate or reduce the negative effects of land-reclamation on coastal waters in Fujian province and realize the coordinated development between oceanic economy and ecological protection,the handling of historical land-reclamation problems should be accelerated,the pattern of ecological security in coastal zone should be optimized and the construction of beautiful bay should be promoted orderly.From the three aspects,the definite suggestions were put forward for the land-reclamation control and ecological restoration in the next step.
作者
武慧慧
孙志高
王晓颖
厉彦哲
师自香
WU Huihui;SUN Zhigao;WANG Xiaoying;LI Yanzhe;SHI Zixiang(Key Laboratory of Humid Subtropical Eco-geographical Process,Fujian Normal University,Ministry of Education,Fuzhou 350000,Fujian,P.R.China;Institute of Geography,Fujian Normal University,Fuzhou 350000,Fujian,P.R.China;Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory for Subtropical Resources and Environment,Fujian Normal University,Fuzhou 350000,Fujian,P.R.China)
出处
《湿地科学》
CSCD
北大核心
2022年第3期366-374,共9页
Wetland Science
基金
国家自然科学基金项目(41971128)
福建省“闽江学者奖励计划”项目
宁德福安市政府委托项目和福建师范大学地理科学学院研究生科研创新基金项目资助。
关键词
围填海
近岸海域
生态环境
生态修复
福建省
land-reclamation
coastal waters
ecological environment
ecological restoration
Fujian province
