摘要
鳄蜥Shinisaurus crocodilurus是我国珍稀濒危物种,目前个体数目较少,人工繁殖个体容易发生近亲繁殖现象,因此了解它们的遗传结构有利于避免在饲养条件下发生近亲繁殖。本研究以9对微卫星作为分子标记,对罗坑人工饲养群体的112个鳄蜥进行种群遗传结构分析,结果表明:1)9对SSR位点总共有106个等位基因(Na),均值12。2)Hardy-weinberg平衡检验的数值范围为0.314~0.998,平衡检验系数均大于0.05。3)9个位点的观测杂合度(Ho)波动范围为0.018~0.929,均值0.629,期望杂合度(He)的范围为0.018~0.851,均值0.622。4)利用MEGA软件基于Nei's遗传距离构建的邻接进化树(neighbor-joining tree)显示,112个个体划分为2个主支系,第一主支系分成3小支系,第二主支系分成5小支系,分支中的个体亲缘关系较近。5)瓶颈效应检测结果显示,在TPM和SMM模型下,罗坑鳄蜥饲养种群在近期历史上经历了显著的瓶颈效应。在整体水平上,罗坑人工饲养鳄蜥群体遗传多样性贫乏,建议在今后的饲养管理过程中根据邻接进化树将亲缘关系较近的个体分开饲养,避免个体近亲繁殖,维持种群的遗传多样性。
Chinese crocodile lizard Shinisaurus crocodilurus is critically endangered with small population size.Although captive population is increasing,this species is still at risk of inbreeding due to their small population size.Therefore,it’s necessary to understand the genetic structure and relationship of this species to avoid inbreeding.Based on 9 pairs of microsatellite markers,the genetic structure of 112 S.crocodilurus in Luokeng Nature Reserve artificial breeding population was analyzed.The results indicated that:(1)Microsatellite loci detected a total of 106 alleles,with the average of 12 alleles for each loci.(2)Hardy-weinberg exact test are within the range of 0.314-0.998,the balance test coefficient is greater than 0.05.(3)The range of observed heterozygosity(Ho)is 0.018-0.929,with an average of 0.629,and the expected heterozygosity(He)ranges from 0.018 to 0.851,with an average of 0.622.(4)The individual Neighbor-joining tree of S.crocodilurus based on the Nei’s genetic distance showed that they clustered into two clades with three and five lineages in close genetic relationships.(5)Bottleneck effect detection results showed that under the TPM model,the captive population of S.crocodilurus from Luokeng Nature Reserve has experienced bottleneck effect in the recent history.These results indicated that the S.crocodilurus population in Luokeng Nature Reserve had an extremely low genetic diversity.It is recommended to consider genetical relationship in future artificial breeding to avoid inbreeding and keeping the genetic diversity.
作者
何南
张小丽
陈宁
陈泽柠
武正军
HE Nan;ZHANG Xiaoli;CHEN Ning;CHEN Zening;WU Zhengjun(Key Laboratory of Rare and Endangered Species and Environmental Protection(Guangxi Normal University),Ministry of Education,Guilin Guangxi 541006,China;Guangdong Qujiang LuokengShinisaurus crocodilurus Provincial Nature Reserve Management Office,Shaoguan Guangdong 512100,China;Guangxi Key Laboratory of Rare and Endangered Animal Ecology,Guilin Guangxi 541006,China)
出处
《广西师范大学学报（自然科学版）》
CAS
北大核心
2022年第4期180-187,共8页
Journal of Guangxi Normal University:Natural Science Edition
基金
国家自然科学基金(31760623)
广东韶关曲江罗坑省级自然保护区管理处项目
广西大桂山鳄蜥国家级自然保护区管理局项目。
关键词
罗坑保护区
鳄蜥
人工饲养种群
微卫星
遗传结构
Luokeng Nature Reserve
Shinisaurus crocodilurus
captive population
microsatellite
genetic structure
