摘要
鲟形目物种是国家重点保护水生野生动物和CITES附录物种。其人工养殖种群数量众多,种类丰富,产品贸易量大,但种类鉴定困难。本文在厘清当前鲟鱼商业类群的基础上,通过分析现有种类鉴定方法,整合了线粒体DNA遗传分析、SNP分析和微卫星DNA分析的鉴定方法,探讨其鉴定国际贸易所涉鲟鱼的可行性。结果表明:上述3种方法整合应用可在11种纯种鲟鱼及其正反杂交产生的杂交鲟范围内进行盲检。当前共有贸易鲟鱼36种,其中杂交鲟14种,杂交鲟的亲本共涉及9种鲟鱼。整合方法可准确鉴定小体鲟(Acipenser ruthenus)、达氏鳇(Huso dauricus)、施氏鲟(Acipenser schrenckii)、欧洲鳇(Huso huso)、闪光鲟(Acipenser stellatus)、高首鲟(A.transmontanus)两两杂交所产生的杂交鲟,小体鲟为母本与纳氏鲟(Acipenser naccarii)或富氏鲟(A.fulvescens)或中华鲟(A.sinensis)产生的杂交鲟,纯种的达氏鳇、高首鲟、富氏鲟和中华鲟,但无法准确鉴定纯种的西伯利亚鲟(Acipenser baerii)和俄罗斯鲟(A.gueldenstaedti)以及父母本涉及此两种鲟鱼的杂交鲟。由于已开发的分子标记仍有限,上述结果是对当前CITES贸易所涉鲟鱼鉴定的最大范围,可以满足一些鲟鱼野生种群保护、贸易产品检测、种质资源管理等情景下的鉴定需求。
Aims:Sturgeons are important economic fishes with high market value.However,with the overfishing and the habitat destruction,the natural population of sturgeon have been declined worldwide.To address the challenges,all sturgeon species has been included in the appendices of CITES in 1997,besides,all species in natural waters of China are also included in the China’s protection catalogue under the Wildlife Protection Law.The identification of sturgeons still faces some difficulties.There are many identification methods for sturgeons,but most of them are applicable conditionally within range of species,respectively.This study aims to integrate available methods to meet more identification requirement in judicial authentication,wildlife supervision and germplasm resource management.Methods:This study analyzed the identification methods and search the trade situation of sturgeons from the CITES database.Based on this,an integrated identification method which include mtDNA genetic analysis,Single Nucleotide Polymorphism(SNP)analysis and microsatellite DNA was established and analyzed to evaluate the effectiveness in identifying the 11 kinds of commercial sturgeon species and their hybrids.Results:A total of 36 kinds of aquaculture sturgeons can be found from the CITES sturgeon trade database,including 14 hybrids and 22 purebred species.Although there are many methods to identify sturgeon species,molecular biological methods are proved to be effective identification methods.By integrating three identification methods above,blind detection is applicable to identify 11 purebred sturgeons and their hybrid sturgeons referring to the current international trade.Among them,two kinds of hybrid sturgeons can be accurately identified:(1)The hybrid sturgeons with parents from Acipenser ruthenus,Huso dauricus,A.schrenckii,Huso huso,A.stellatus or A.transmontanus.(2)The hybrid sturgeons whose female parent is A.ruthenus and male parent is A.naccarii or A.fulvescens or A.sinensis.Besides,the purebred H.dauricus,A.transmontanus,A.
作者
牛晓锋
王晓梅
张研
赵志鹏
樊恩源
Xiaofeng Niu;Xiaomei Wang;Yan Zhang;Zhipeng Zhao;Enyuan Fan(College of Fisheries and Life Science,Shanghai Ocean University,Shanghai 201306;Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences,Beijing 100141;Changdao Enhancement and Experiment Station,Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences,Yantai,Shandong 265800)
出处
《生物多样性》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2022年第6期182-192,共11页
Biodiversity Science
基金
中国水产科学研究院本级基本科研业务费(2020B001)
中国水产科学研究院中央级公益性科研院所基本科研业务费专项资金(2020TD11)
国家自然科学基金(32101239)
农业农村部物种品种资源保护费–水生野生动物保护专项研究(21301350001007)。
关键词
鲟鱼
种类鉴定
SNP
MTDNA
微卫星DNA
物种保护
种质资源管理
sturgeon
species identification
SNP
mt DNA
microsatellite DNA
sturgeon conservation
germplasm resources management
