摘要
目的探讨突发性耳聋发病特点及其危险因素。方法以2017年1月至2020年12月在河南省人民医院耳鼻咽喉头颈外科就诊的突发性耳聋成年患者作为研究对象,收集基本情况、个人史、基础疾病及实验室指标,以数量1∶1配比取该院健康体检者作为对照,分析突发性耳聋的发病状况及发生的危险因素。结果最终纳入突发性耳聋710例,其中伴耳鸣598例(84.25%)、眩晕320例(45.00%)、耳闷268例(37.75%)、耳周麻木124例(17.50%)、恶心245例(34.50%)、呕吐164例(23.13%);共有756只突发性耳聋患耳。单侧比例最高,占93.12%;重度听力损失者比例最高,占40.34%;听力曲线以平坦下降型最常见,占35.19%。多因素条件Logistic回归分析结果显示,糖尿病(OR=3.221)、脑血管疾病(OR=2.698)、睡眠障碍(OR=3.002)、感冒病史(OR=4.521)、TC异常(OR=2.554)、Hcy异常(OR=4.654)的成年人发生突发性耳聋的可能性大。结论突发性耳聋可伴有耳鸣、眩晕等症状,且受糖尿病、脑血管疾病、血脂及Hcy代谢异常、感冒等多种因素影响,应尽可能根据患者情况对相关危险因素进行防治,从而降低突发性耳聋的发病风险。
Objective To explore the characteristics and risk factors of sudden deafness.Methods Adult patients with sudden deafness who visited the Department of Otorhinolaryngology,Head and Neck Surgery,Henan Provincial People’s Hospital from January 2017 to December 2020 were taken as the research subjects.The basic situation,personal history,basic diseases,and laboratory indicators were collected,take health examination population of the hospital as the control in the ratio of 1:1,and the clinical characteristics and risk factors of sudden deafness were analyzed.Results Finally,710 cases of sudden deafness were included,including 598 cases(84.25%)with tinnitus,320 cases(45.00%)with vertigo,268 cases(37.75%)with ear tightness,124 cases(17.50%)with numbness around ears,245 cases(34.50%)with nausea,and 164 cases(23.13%)with vomiting.A total of 756 ears with sudden deafness.Unilateral hearing loss accounted for 93.12%and severe hearing loss accounted for 40.34%.The most common type of hearing curve was flat decline,accounting for 35.19%.Multivariate conditional Logistic regression analysis showed that adults with diabetes(OR=3.221),cerebrovascular disease(OR=2.698),sleep disturbance(OR=3.002),history of the common cold(OR=4.521),abnormal total cholesterol(TC)(OR=2.554),and abnormal homocysteine(Hcy)(OR=4.654)were more likely to develop sudden deafness.Conclusion Sudden deafness can be accompanied by tinnitus,vertigo,and other symptoms,and is affected by diabetes,cerebrovascular diseases,blood lipids and Hcy metabolic abnormalities,common cold,and other factors.Risk factors should be controlled as far as possible according to the patient’s condition,to reduce the risk of sudden deafness.
作者
雷丽红
丁晓丽
徐改萍
李小静
丁永丽
周换
LEI Li-hong;DING Xiao-li;XU Gai-ping;LI Xiao-jing;DING Yong-li;ZHOU Huan(Henan Provincial People's Hospital,People's Hospital of Zhengzhou University,Zhengzhou 450003,China)
出处
《华南预防医学》
2022年第5期539-542,共4页
South China Journal of Preventive Medicine
关键词
突发性耳聋
听力学特征
危险因素
总胆固醇
同型半胱氨酸
Sudden deafness
Audiological characteristics
Risk factor
Total cholesterol
Homocysteine
