摘要
近年来,微塑料(MPs)对土壤生态系统的污染和危害备受关注。聚乙烯(PE)微塑料对农作物生长发育的影响主要聚焦于粒径和浓度效应,但粒径和浓度的交互作用对植物的生长的影响知之甚少。该研究通过发芽试验和盆栽实验探究了3种粒径(13、58、178μm)PE微塑料在不同质量分数(0、0.1%、0.5%、1%、2%)下对玉米(Zea mays L.)和黄瓜(Cucumis sativusL.)种子发芽、幼苗生长及根系形态的影响。结果表明,3种粒径的PE微塑料均不同程度地降低了玉米和黄瓜种子的发芽势和芽长,种子活力指数下降;对于幼苗生长,除了0.1%的PE13显著增加了玉米株高,0.1%和0.5%的PE13显著增加了玉米根体积和根表面积外,3种粒径的PE均不同程度地抑制了玉米和黄瓜幼苗的生长。双因素方差分析结果显示PE粒径、质量分数和二者交互作用均显著影响玉米种子的发芽,且质量分数效应更显著,而PE对黄瓜种子发芽仅存在质量分数效应;PE对玉米幼苗的株高、黄瓜地下部鲜质量和干质量以及玉米的根尖数具有更显著的粒径效应。RDA分析结果也显示,PE对玉米和黄瓜种子的萌发、幼苗的生长和黄瓜的根系形态存在显著的粒径效应和质量分数效应,PE粒径越大和质量分数越大其抑制作用越显著;PE的浸出物重金属Zn和Cu以及有机添加剂对玉米和黄瓜种子的萌发、幼苗的生长和根系形态均有不同程度的负面效应。
In recent years, the pollution and hazard of microplastics(MPs) to soil ecosystem have attracted much attention. Research on the effects of polyethylene(PE) microplastics on crop growth and development mainly focused on particle sizes and concentrations,but the interaction between particle sizes and concentrations on plant growth is poorly understood. In this study, the effects of PE microplastics with different particle sizes(13, 58 and 178 μm) at different mass fractions(0, 0.1%, 0.5%, 1%, 2%) on seed germination,seedling growth and root morphology of maize(Zea mays L.) and cucumber(Cucumis sativus L.) were investigated through the seed germination and pot experiment. The results showed that PE microplastics with three particle sizes reduced the germination potential and shoot length of maize and cucumber seeds to some extent, and decreased the seed vigor index. For seedling growth, except that 0.1% PE13 significantly increased the plant height of maize, and 0.1% and 0.5% PE13 significantly increased the root volume and root surface area of maize, all three particle sizes of PE inhibited the growth of maize and cucumber seedlings to varying degrees. The results of two-way ANOVA showed that PE particle sizes, PE mass fractions and their interaction significantly affected the germination of maize seeds, and the effect of mass fraction was more significant, while PE only had the mass fraction effect on the germination of cucumber seeds. PE showed a more significant particle size effect on plant height, fresh and dry mass of cucumber underground and root tip number of maize. RDA analysis also showed that PE had significant particle size and mass fraction effects on seed germination,seedling growth and root morphology of maize and cucumber, and PE with larger particle sizes and higher mass fractions had negative effects on seed germination, seedling growth and root morphology of maize and cucumber. Heavy metals Zn, Cu and organic additives leached from PE had negative effects on seed germination, seedling growth an
作者
刘晓红
刘柳青青
栗敏
刘强
曹东东
郑浩
罗先香
LIU Xiaohong;LIU Liuqingqing;LI Min;LIU Qiang;CAO Dongdong;ZHENG Hao;LUO Xianxiang(Key Laboratory of Marine Environment and Ecology,Ministry of Education/Institute of Offshore Environmental Pollution Control,Ocean University of China,Qingdao 266100,P.R.China;Functional Laboratory of Marine Ecology and Environmental Science,Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology,Qingdao 266071,P.R.China)
出处
《生态环境学报》
CSCD
北大核心
2022年第6期1263-1271,共9页
Ecology and Environmental Sciences
基金
山东省自然科学基金杰出青年基金项目(ZR2021JQ13)
国家自然科学基金项目(42077115)。
关键词
聚乙烯微塑料
粒径
交互作用
种子发芽
幼苗生长
根系形态
polyethylene microplastics
particle size
interaction
seed germination
seedling growth
root morphology
