摘要
近现代未成年人刑事司法体系的形成,融合了中国古代传统恤幼思想和20世纪初西方“人道主义”思潮。清末法学家沈家本会通中西,推动将恤幼人道思想以法律的形式固定下来。在传统儒家文化的影响下,中国古代恤幼思想体现于各朝各代律典条文对未成年人罪犯的宽宥仁爱规范中。近代西方国家建立的未成年人刑事司法体系被日本学习借鉴,也影响了清末中国未成年人刑事司法体系的建立和发展,其中“感化院”和“少年监狱”的设立对近现代未成年人刑事司法体系的影响尤为深远。沈家本恤幼人道思想主要体现在“丁年”与“刑事责任年龄”的接轨以及感化教育体系的建立上。清末未成年人刑事司法体系也影响着民国时期未成年人刑事司法体系的建立。
The formation of the modern criminal justice system for minors is a combination of the ancient Chinese traditional idea of compassion for children and the Western“humanitarian”thinking of the early twentieth century,and Shen Jiaben,who combined the East and the West,promoted the establishment of the idea of humanitarianism for the young in the form of law.Under the influence of traditional Confucianism,the ancient Chinese idea of compassion for the young was reflected in the provisions of the legal codes of various dynasties,which provided forgiveness and benevolence for juvenile offenders.The criminal justice system for minors established in modern Western countries,which Japan learned from,also influenced the establishment and development of China’s criminal justice system for minors in the late Qing Dynasty,among which the establishment of“reformatory”and“juvenile prison”had a particularly profound impact on the modern criminal justice system for minors.The establishment of“penitentiary”and“juvenile prison”had a particularly profound impact on the modern juvenile criminal justice system.Shen Jiaben’s compassionate and humane thinking was mainly reflected in the convergence of the age of criminal responsibility and the establishment of the penitentiary education system,and the criminal justice system for minors in the late Qing Dynasty also influenced the establishment of the criminal justice system for minors in the Republic of China.
作者
姬元贞
JI Yuanzhen(School of Law,Tsinghua University,Beijing 100084,China)
出处
《安徽史学》
CSSCI
北大核心
2022年第4期45-53,共9页
Historical Research In Anhui
关键词
沈家本
恤幼人道思想
未成年人刑事司法体系
刑事责任年龄
Shen Jiaben
compassionate and humane thought
juvenile criminal justice system
age of criminal responsibility
