摘要
研究旨在探讨乳酸菌制剂对全株玉米青贮发酵品质、有氧稳定性及瘤胃降解特性的影响。选取新鲜全株玉米360 kg,切短混合均匀后平均分为4组,每组6重复,每重复15 kg。对照组不添加乳酸菌制剂,试验组分别添加2、10和20 mg/kg的乳酸菌制剂,密封后置于室温下避光发酵90 d后取样分析。结果表明:(1)乳酸菌剂组的乳酸菌数量高于对照组,霉菌数量低于对照组(P<0.05)。(2)乳酸菌剂组的乳酸、乙酸、丙酸和总挥发性脂肪酸高于对照组(P<0.05);但随乳酸菌剂添加量的升高,乳酸呈一次降低,乙酸和总挥发性脂肪酸呈一次和二次升高,丙酸呈一次升高(P<0.05)。(3)青贮的粗蛋白随乳酸菌剂添加量呈一次升高,且20 mg/kg组高于对照组(P<0.05);乳酸菌剂组氨态氮低于对照组,10 mg/kg和20 mg/kg组水溶性碳水化合物低于对照组(P<0.05)。(4)有氧暴露期间,第4天乳酸菌剂组内部温度低于对照组(P<0.001);第5天20 mg/kg组的pH低于对照组和2 mg/kg组(P<0.05);10 mg/kg和20 mg/kg组的霉菌数量在第7天低于对照组(P<0.05)。(5)乳酸菌剂对青贮的瘤胃降解率无显著影响(P>0.05)。综合各项指标,推荐复合乳酸菌制剂在全株玉米青贮的添加量以2~10 mg/kg为宜。
This study investigated the effect of lactic acid bacteria preparation on fermentation quality,aerobic stability and rumen degradability of whole corn silage.A total of 360 kg chopped fresh whole corn was mixed thoroughly and divided into 4 groups with 6 replicates of 15 kg each.Silages mixed with no preparation served as control group while silages in the experimental groups were mixed with 2,10 and 20 mg/kg lactic acid bacteria preparation,respectively.After sealing,silages were fermented for 90 days under room temperature in dark place before sampling and analyzing.The results showed:(1)the amount of lactic acid bacteria in lactic acid bacteria preparation groups was higher than that of control group(P<0.05),however,the amount of mould in lactic acid bacteria preparation groups was lower than that of control group(P<0.05).(2)The lactic acid,acetic acid,propionate and total volatile fatty acid were all higher than that of the control(P<0.05);but with the increase of lactic acid bacteria preparation,the content of lactic acid in silage linearly decreased.The content of acetic acid and total volatile fatty acids linearly and quadratically increased(P<0.05).Additionally,propionate linearly increased(P<0.05).(3)The crude protein linearly increased and that of the 20 mg/kg group was higher than the control(P<0.05).The ammoniacal nitrogen in lactic acid bacteria preparation group was lower than the control(P<0.05).Water soluble carbohydrate in 10 mg/kg and 20 mg/kg groups were lower than the control(P<0.05).(4)During aerobic exposure,the internal temperature of silage at the fourth day was lower than the control group(P<0.05).The pH value of silage at fifth day in 20 mg/kg group was lower than the control and 2 mg/kg group(P<0.05).The amount of mould of 10 mg/kg and 20 mg/kg groups were lower than the control at seventh day(P<0.05).(5)The rumen degradability of silage was not affected(P>0.05).The recommended additive amount of lactic acid bacteria preparation in whole corn silage is 2 to 10 mg/kg by comprehensive ass
作者
游伟
赵红波
陶海英
陈祥兴
万发春
王星凌
张相伦
YOU Wei;ZHAO Hongbo;TAO Haiying;CHEN Xiangxing;WAN Fachun;WANG Xingling;ZHANG Xianglun(Institute of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine,Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Shandong Key Lab of Animal Disease Control and Breeding/Key Laboratory of Livestock and Poultry Multi-omics of MARA/Shandong Provincial Testing Center of Beef Cattle Performance,Ji’nan 250100,China;Zibo Service Center for Animal Husbandry and Fishery,Zi’bo 255000,China)
出处
《家畜生态学报》
北大核心
2022年第6期31-38,共8页
Journal of Domestic Animal Ecology
基金
山东省现代农业产业技术体系牛产业创新团队(SDAIT-09-04)
现代农业(肉牛牦牛)产业技术体系建设专项资金(CARS-37)
山东省农业科学院农业科技创新工程(CXGC2021A14)
国家重点研发计划(2018YFD0501803)。
关键词
乳酸菌
全株玉米青贮
发酵品质
营养成分
有氧稳定性
瘤胃降解
lactic acid bacteria
whole corn silage
fermentation quality
nutrient content
aerobic stability
rumen degradability
