摘要
在中国这样的大国发展人工智能具有明显的市场优势。文章利用International Federation of Robotics公布的中国机器人数据和中国工业企业数据、中国海关贸易数据、中国城市面板数据的匹配数据探讨了人工智能对企业出口国内附加值率的影响机制以及国内大市场对人工智能影响效果的调节效应。结果显示,人工智能可通过提高企业全要素生产率、增加企业国内中间品种类进而促进企业出口国内附加值率提升,且国内大市场进一步强化了这种提升效应。该结果在更换企业出口国内附加值率测度指标、考虑样本极端值、控制内生性后依然比较稳健。进一步研究发现,2008年金融危机冲击不仅加强了人工智能自身对企业出口国内附加值率的影响效果,而且使人工智能应用过程中国内大市场的优势得到进一步凸显。人工智能以及国内大市场对其影响效果的强化作用在非技术密集型企业、一般贸易企业中更为明显。文章结论对于进一步发挥国内大市场优势,推进人工智能技术发展和应用,进而促进企业出口国内附加值攀升具有重要的现实意义。
In a big country like China,promoting and developing artificial intelligence( AI) has obvious market advantages. Using the matching data of Chinese robot data,Chinese industrial enterprise data,China Customs Trade data and Chinese urban panel data published by International Federation of Robotics,this paper discusses the influence mechanism of AI on the domestic value-added rate of enterprise in export and the moderation effect of domestic market on the influence effect of AI. The results show that AI can improve the domestic value-added rate in export by improving the total factor productivity of enterprises and increasing the domestic intermediate varieties of enterprises. The large domestic market further strengthens the promotion effect of AI on the domestic value-added rate in export. The result is still robust after changing the measurement index of export domestic value-added rate,considering the extreme value of samples and controlling endogeneity. Further research finds that the impact of the 2008 financial crisis not only strengthened the impact of AI itself on the domestic value-added rate of enterprises in export,but also further highlighted the advantages of China’s large domestic market in the application of AI. The impact of AI and the strengthening effect of domestic market on AI is more obvious in non-technology intensive enterprises and general trade enterprises. The conclusion of this paper has important practical significance for further playing the advantages of domestic big market,promoting the development and application of AI technology,and then promoting the upgrading of domestic value-added of enterprises in export.
作者
韩峰
庄宗武
Han Feng;Zhuang Zongwu
出处
《世界经济研究》
CSSCI
北大核心
2022年第5期33-47,M0002,共16页
World Economy Studies
基金
国家自然科学基金面上项目“空间集聚优势与制造业高质量发展研究:理论机制、效应识别与政策优化”(项目编号:72073071)的资助。
