摘要
从音乐的属性来看,各地区民间仪式音乐是有很大的差异的,文化传统、生活习俗、宗教信仰及语言都不同,导致各地区民间音乐文化表现形式的不同。但是,它们又有着相似的外表形式。以湘西苗族和土家族为例,湘西苗族巴岱仪式音乐和湘西土家族梯玛仪式音乐有着共同的巫文化基因,苗族与土家族在祭祀仪式上同样遵守巫师的法事规矩,演绎着带有浓郁色彩的歌舞,享受着音乐带来的快乐。由于这两个民族都聚居于湘鄂渝黔边邻地区,一脉相承着大自然赐予的生态环境,由此形成了诸多共同的文化特质,并因此同属于“武陵山文化圈”。如今,苗族与土家族仪式音乐文化及其音乐文化的脉络仍然保持完好,并在音乐文化传承过程中出现了诸多新的音乐差异现象及其文化认同问题,已经成为当前民族音乐学界普遍关注的焦点。
From the nature of music,the folk ritual music varies greatly from region to region,with different cultural traditions,customs,religious beliefs and languages resulting in different forms of expression of folk music culture.However,they have a similar appearance.Taking Miao and Tujia people in Xiangxi Prefecture as examples,the Ba Dai ritual music of Miao and the Tima ritual music of Tujia people in Xiangxi Prefecture share the same witchcraft culture gene,to abide by the magic rules of wizards in sacrificial ceremonies with special songs and dances to enjoy the happiness brought by music.Because the two ethnic groups live in the neighboring areas of Hunan,Hubei,Chongqing and Guizhou,they come down in a continuous line with the ecological environment,thus forming a lot of common cultural characteristics,so they both belong to the“Wuling Mountains Cultural Circle”.Today,the thread of the ritual music culture of the Miao and the Tujia people is still intact,and many new musical differences and cultural identity problems have emerged in the process of musical cultural inheritance,which has become the focus of current ethnomusicology.
作者
熊晓辉
Xiong Xiao-hui(Hunan University of Science and Technology,Xiangtan,Hunan 411201,China)
出处
《四川民族学院学报》
2022年第3期95-102,108,共9页
Journal of Sichuan Minzu College
基金
湖南省哲学社会科学基金项目“20世纪50年代以来土家族音乐的知识谱系研究”(19YBA153)。
关键词
仪式音乐
跨地域
跨民族
苗族
土家族
ritual music
transregional
transethnic
Miao people
Tujia people
