摘要
为了提高座椅类家具设计方案在评估阶段的科学合理性,寻取最优设计方案,以3款办公椅为例,运用层次分析法(AHP)与逼近理想解排序法(TOPSIS)与灰色关联分析法(GRA)相结合,构建TOPSIS-GRA决策评价模型,对3款办公座椅的设计方案进行评估,从中选择贴合度最高的为最优方案。首先根据评价指标分类建立层次结构模型,采用德尔菲法对各评价指标表进行专家打分,构建各指标层级的判断矩阵,从而确定各评价指标的权重系数;利用TOPSIS-GRA法,计算出每款办公座椅方案与理想解之间的相对贴合层度,贴合层度越高,代表方案越优,从而对3款办公座椅设计方案进行优选。通过计算,评估结果显示3款办公座椅A、B、C的贴合度分别为0.5720,0.4169,0.4874,座椅A为最优方案。该模型可以很好地解决复杂、多维度,及存在指标难以量化的评价问题。其按照清晰的层次结构关系,建立完整的评价体系,最终以准确的数值形式表示评价结果。此模型能够很好地对办公座椅定量评价,并且通过验证,模型具有较强的鲁棒性。
The office staff often sit in poor designed office chairs for long periods, which could cause serious health problems. Adding an ergonomic consideration for designing office chairs can drastically enhance human body posture, leading to the reduction of back pains and improvement of office working effeciency. To improve the scientific rationality and find the optimal design solution in the evaluation stage of the seating design, three office chairs were used as examples, and the TOPSIS-GRA decision evaluation model was developed by combining the analytic hierarchy process(AHP) and the technique for order perference by similarity to ideal solution(TOPSIS) method with the gray correlation analysis(GRA) method to evaluate the design solutions of the three office chairs. The optimal solution was the one with the highest degree of fit. The first step was to establish a hierarchical model according to the classification of evaluation indexes, and to construct a judgment matrix for each index hierarchy by scoring each index table with Del’s illegal, so as to determine the weight coefficients of each evaluation index. Using the TOPSIS-GRA method, the relative fit level between each office chair solution and the ideal solution was calculated. The higher the fit level was, the better the solution was achieved, so that the three office chair solutions can be selected. The evaluation results showed that the fit degrees of the three office Chairs A, B and C were 0.572 0, 0.416 9 and 0.487 4, respectively, in which, Chair A was the optimal solution. The model can well solve the complex, multidimensional and difficult problems to quantify the chair design with indicators. This study established a complete evaluation system according to a clear hierarchical structure relationship, and finally achieved the evaluation results in the form of accurate numerical values, so that the results can be applied in the furniture industry. The developed model is able to evaluate office chairs quantitatively, and it is verified that the model
作者
张许英龙
张显权
程子廉
ZHANG Xuyinglong;ZHANG Xianquan;CHENG Zilian(Material Science and Engineering College,Northeast Forestry University,Harbin 150040,China)
出处
《林业工程学报》
CSCD
北大核心
2022年第4期181-186,共6页
Journal of Forestry Engineering
基金
中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金(2572017PZ07)。
