摘要
为探究水肥一体化减量施肥对果园土壤肥力的影响,采用田间试验,设置7个处理:土施(100%);分次土施(100%)(与水肥减施处理次数保持一致);水肥(100%);水肥(90%);水肥(80%);水肥(70%);水肥(60%)。观测0~20、20~40 cm土层土壤养分含量的变化。结果表明,水肥一体化降低了土壤p H值和有机质、碱解氮、速效磷含量,同时水肥减施处理还降低了0~20 cm土层土壤交换性镁、有效锌含量。根据土壤养分含量分级标准,芒果园土壤有机质、碱解氮、速效钾、交换性镁含量都处于低水平以下,属于匮乏状态,而土壤速效磷、有效铜、有效锌含量则处于高水平以上。通过2年的田间试验发现,芒果园水肥一体化减量施肥虽然提高了肥料利用效率但也降低了果园土壤的养分含量,不利于果园的长期可持续性发展,在后期减量施肥中应提高氮钾肥的施用量,降低磷肥的施用量。
In order to explore the effects of integrated water and fertilizer reduction fertilization on soil fertility in orchards,seven treatments were set up using field experiments:Soil application(100%);Fractional soil application(100%)(consistent with the number of water and fertilizer reduction treatments);Water and fertilizer(100%);Water and fertilizer(90%);Water and fertilizer(80%);Water and fertilizer(70%);Water and fertilizer(60%).The changes in soil nutrient content from 0 to 20 cm and 20 to 40 cm soil layer were observed.The results showed that the integration of water and fertilizer reduced the soil pH value,organic matter,alkaline nitrogen and available phosphorus content,while the water and fertilizer reduction treatment also reduced the soil exchange magnesium and available zinc content by 0~20 cm soil layer.According to the soil nutrient content grading standard,the soil organic matter,alkaline nitrogen,available potassium and exchange magnesium content of mango orchard are below low levels and belong to the state of scarcity,while the soil available phosphorus,available copper and available zinc content are above the high level.Through 2 years of field experiments,it was found that although the integrated water and fertilizer reduction fertilization of mango orchard improved the fertilizer utilization efficiency,it also reduced the nutrient content of the orchard soil,which was not conducive to the long-term sustainable development of the orchard,and the application amount of nitrogen and potassium fertilizer should be increased in the later reduction of fertilization,and the amount of phosphorus fertilizer should be reduced.
作者
王烁衡
林电
张鹏
范声浓
孟鑫
林一凡
王瑞
吴昊
程宁宁
WANG Shuoheng;LIN Dian;ZHANG Peng;FAN Shengnong;MENG Xin;LIN Yifan;WANG Rui;WU Hao;CHENG Ningning(School of Tropical Crops,Hainan University,Haikou 570228)
出处
《中国果树》
北大核心
2022年第6期39-48,共10页
China Fruits
基金
热带果树化肥农药减施增效技术集成研究与示范(2017YFD0202100)。
关键词
水肥一体化
化肥减施
土壤养分
芒果园
water and fertilizer integration
reduced fertilizer application
soil nutrients
mango orchard
