摘要
目的了解北京市通州区农村饮用水砷暴露水平,并评价砷暴露导致的健康风险,为改善农村饮用水质量提供参考。方法于2019年4—6月对通州区7个乡镇196个村的自备井进行水样采集,依据GB/T 5750.6—2006《生活饮用水标准检验方法金属指标》检测饮用水中砷浓度。采用美国环境保护署(EPA)环境风险评估模型评价饮用水中砷的致癌风险和非致癌风险。结果采集水样520份,砷浓度为0.0012~0.0500 mg/L,砷浓度超标67份,超标率为12.88%。宋庄镇、漷县镇、潞城镇、张家湾镇和永乐店镇的超标率分别为57.69%、17.24%、12.20%、6.52%和1.31%;马驹桥镇和台湖镇未超标。饮用水砷致癌风险为3.1357×10^(-4)/a,超过最大可接受风险。各乡镇砷致癌风险均超过最大可接受风险,其中宋庄镇最高,为9.6482×10^(-4)/a。60~<80岁男性砷致癌风险较高,为3.0128×10^(-4)/a;≥80岁女性砷致癌风险较高,为2.9490×10^(-4)/a。饮用水砷非致癌风险为0.6968,为较低风险。漷县镇和宋庄镇砷非致癌风险较高,分别为1.0095和2.1441。60~<80岁男性砷非致癌风险较高,为0.6695,≥80岁女性砷非致癌风险较高,为0.6553。结论2019年通州区农村地区饮用水砷超标率较高,存在健康风险,尤其对60岁以上人群致癌风险最高,应采取有效措施降低饮用水中砷浓度。
Objective To investigate the level of arsenic exposure in rural drinking water and to assess the health risk caused by exposure to arsenic in Tongzhou District,Beijing Municipality in 2019,so as to provide insights into improv⁃ing the quality of rural drinking water.Methods Water samples were collected from self-provided wells in 196 villag⁃es of 7 townships in Tongzhou District from April to June,2019,and the arsenic levels were measured in drinking wa⁃ter according to Standard examination methods for drinking water-Metal parameters(GB/T 5750.6-2006).The carcinogen⁃ic and non-carcinogenic risks of arsenic were evaluated in drinking water using the environmental risk assessment mod⁃el recommended by the United States Environmental Protection Agency(EPA).Results Totally 520 water samples were collected,and the median arsenic concentration was 0.0012-0.0500 mg/L.There were 67 water samples with arsenic levels exceeding the defined standard level(12.88%),and the proportions of arsenic levels exceeding the defined stan⁃dard level were 57.69%,17.24%,12.20%,6.52%and 1.31%in Songzhuang,Huoxian,Lucheng,Zhangjiawan and Yong⁃dedian townships,and the arsenic levels did not exceed the defined standard level in Majuqiao or Taihu townships.The carcinogenic risk of arsenic was 3.1357×10^(-4)/a in drinking water,which exceeded the maximum acceptable risk,and the carcinogenic risk of arsenic all exceeded the maximum acceptable risk,with the highest value seen in Songzhuang Township(9.6482×10^(-4)/a).A high carcinogenic risk of arsenic was seen in men at ages of 60 to 80 years(3.0128×10^(-4)/a)and in women at ages of 80 years and older(2.9490×10^(-4)/a).The non-carcinogenic risk of arsenic was 0.6968 in drinking water,indicating a low risk,and were 1.0095 and 2.1441 in Huoxian and Songzhuang townships,indicat⁃ing a high risk.In addition,a high non-carcinogenic risk of arsenic was seen in men at ages of 60 to 80 years(0.6695)and in women at ages of 80 years and older(0.6553).Conclusion There was a high proportio
作者
周少磊
刘波
王鹏
郑旭
董静
ZHOU Shaolei;LIU Bo;WANG Peng;ZHENG Xu;DONG Jing(Department of Environmental Health,Tongzhou Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Beijing 101100,China)
出处
《预防医学》
2022年第7期705-709,共5页
CHINA PREVENTIVE MEDICINE JOURNAL
关键词
砷
生活饮用水
风险评估
arsenic
drinking water
risk assessment
