摘要
旨在为江苏淮北地区小麦优质高产栽培提供参考,以优质强筋品种‘瑞华麦506’为材料,研究了播期(10月5日、15日、25日、11月4日和14日)和密度(2.1×10^(6)、2.7×10^(6)和3.3×10^(6)/hm^(2))对温光利用、籽粒产量和籽粒品质的影响。结果表明,播期延迟减少了出苗至越冬始期累积积温和日照时数以及花后累积日照时数。迟播显著降低了茎蘖数和穗数,但不同程度增加了每穗粒数和千粒重,籽粒产量以10月15日播种最高。每晚播种10天,生育期、积温、日照时数和穗数分别减少8.5天、108℃、38 h和3.85×10^(5)/hm^(2),产量损失700 kg/hm^(2)。推迟播期降低了面粉吸水率,但增加了籽粒容重、蛋白质含量、湿面筋含量和面团稳定时间。增加密度对籽粒品质影响不显著。综合而言,10月15日播种、采用2.7×10^(6)/hm^(2)密度是江苏淮北强筋小麦协同高产优质的适宜组合。
In order to provide reference for good-quality and high-yield wheat production in the Huaibei area of Jiangsu,the effects of different sowing dates(October 5,15 and 25,November 4 and 14)and planting densities(2.1×10^(6),2.7×10^(6) and 3.3×10^(6) plants per hectare)on temperature and sunshine utilization,grain yield and grain quality of wheat were studied with good-quality strong-gluten wheat cultivar‘Ruihuamai506’as material.The results showed that the delay of sowing date decreased the accumulated temperature and sunshine hours from seedling emergence to the beginning of the overwintering stage and the accumulated sunshine hours after anthesis.Late sowing significantly decreased the number of main stem tillers and spikes,but increased the number of grains per spike and 1000-grain weight to different degrees.The highest grain yield was achieved on the sowing date of October 15.Late sowing by every 10 days decreased the growth period,accumulated temperature,sunshine hours,and spike number by 8.5 days,108℃,38 h and 3.85×10^(5)/hm^(2),respectively,and the yield loss was 700 kg/hm^(2).The sowing delay decreased water absorption of flour but improved the grain bulk density,grain protein content,wet gluten content and dough stabilization time.Increasing planting density had no significant effect on grain quality.In conclusion,sowing on October 15 and using 2.7×10^(6) plants per hectare is the appropriate production combination of strong-gluten wheat with high yield and high quality in the Huaibei area of Jiangsu Province.
作者
金彦刚
丁锦峰
袁权
夏中华
殷静
杨永乐
刘海浪
任仰涛
陈伟
李珍富
赵其兵
卫万娟
郑雅月
JIN Yangang;DING Jinfeng;YUAN Quan;XIA Zhonghua;YIN Jing;YANG Yongle;LIU Hailang;REN Yangtao;CHEN Wei;LI Zhenfu;ZHAO Qibing;WEI Wanjuan;ZHENG Yayue(Jiangsu Ruihua Agricultural Technology Co.,Ltd.,/Engineering&Technology Research Center for Wheat Commercial Improvement in Jiangsu,Suqian,Jiangsu 223800;Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Physiology/Co-Innovation Center for Modern Production Technology of Grain Crops/Wheat Research Institute,Yangzhou University,Yangzhou,Jiangsu 225009;Jiangsu Farmer Training College,Suqian,Jiangsu 223800;Suqian National Grain Reserve Co.,Ltd.,Suqian,Jiangsu 223800)
出处
《中国农学通报》
2022年第18期1-7,共7页
Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin
基金
江苏省农业重大新品种创制项目“淮北麦区优质高产抗赤霉病小麦新品种培育”(PZCZ201706)
江苏省工程技术研究中心建设项目“江苏省小麦商业化育种工程技术研究中心”(BM2019350)
江苏现代农业产业技术体系建设项目“江苏(宿城)现代农业(稻麦)科技综合示范基地建设”(JATS[2021]317)
江苏省科技副总项目“江苏省优质高产高效小麦品种关键特征及其配套栽培技术”(FZ20211472)。
关键词
强筋小麦
播期
密度
温光利用
籽粒产量
籽粒品质
strong-gluten wheat
sowing date
planting density
utilization of temperature and sunshine
grain yield
grain quality
