摘要
整理一部文献,版本异文对校的尺度和标准主要取决于版本系统情况。大体可分为两种情况:一种是版本存在多元系统而非同源祖本;一种是“祖本”即初刻本,其后衍生诸多版本与其并存。后者总体是一种单线流程,那么就要充分尊重初刻本或最早期版本,而对后期诸本的利用务必谨慎,因为版本流传过程多一道环节便会多衍生出一些错误,并且绝非一般性校勘所能解决的。具体到《金史》版本,主要由至正初刻本、南监本、北监本及乾隆殿本构成,后一本即以前一本为底本刊刻。这种单线传递形式,便决定了校勘《金史》时须最大力度遵从祖本原貌和纠正版本流传过程中产生的讹误,而关于各种衍生版本与初刻本间所见异文则要审慎对待。最关键之处,须搞清至正初刻本与南监本之亲缘关系,这是因为:南监本作为《金史》版本流传脉络中的关键一环,不仅是其后诸版本翻刻所据之底本,而且是当时影响极大的通行本。本文即以修订本《金史》所涉南监本与校勘底本百衲本异文校为线索,举证典型案例详加分析,通过探讨细节诸问题揭示南监本版本生成过程。
When editing a text,the caliber and standard of comparing character variants of different editions entirely depend on the edition system,which can be roughly categorized into two cases:first,the editions come from various sources without same-origin ancestral edition;second,the ancestral edition is the first edition,while later on more editions developed from it but coexited with it.For the latter,since it is a linear process,it should respect the first edition or the earliest edition,but be careful with the later editions.During the process,it often increases errors if one step was added,which cannot be resolve with proofreading.Regarding to the editions of the Jin History,there were first edition from the Zhizheng period,the Nanjian edition,the Beijian edition,and the court edition of the Qianlong,which follow a linear system.Therefore,it should follow the original condition of the first edition and correct errors of later editions,and be careful with the character variants between the ancestral edition and later editions.However,the most important key is to identify the kinship between the first edition of the Zhizheng period and the Nanjian edition,because the Nanjian edition was a key step for later editions,which laid the foundation for reprinted editions of later generation and widely circulated.This paper will focus on the comparison between the Nanjian edition and the Baina edition,using some cases for detailed analysis,in order to reveal the birth process of the Nanjian edition.
关键词
《金史》
南监本
洪武覆刻本
中华书局修订本
版本校
the Jin History
the Nanjian Edition
the Reprinted Edition of the Hongwu Period
the Revised Edition
the Proofreading of the Editions
