摘要
农作物生长发育离不开光、温、水等气象条件,基于气候适宜度的气象条件定量评价方法是判定气象条件对农作物适宜程度的方法之一。基于国内气候适宜度方面的研究和应用现状,指出了目前国内气候适宜度模型中水分适宜度模型存在的不足,在此基础上对水分适宜度模型进行改进,水分适宜度模型包括降水适宜度模型和土壤水分适宜度模型,水分适宜度取降水适宜度和土壤水分适宜度二者的大值。改进后的降水适宜度模型考虑了农作物的需水量及降水的有效性和降水过多的影响;改进后的土壤水分适宜度模型采用农田0~20 cm区域土壤相对湿度与农作物不同生育阶段适宜的土壤相对湿度进行比较,减少了以往土壤水分模型中因涉及因子过多带来的不便,并用河北省冬小麦不同年度的气象条件对改进后的模型进行检验应用。得出如下结论:应用改进后的水分适宜度模型计算的水分适宜度,能够反映冬小麦生长期间实际的水分状况;通过改进后的水分适宜度模型计算的综合适宜度反映了实际气象条件对冬小麦的影响,并且综合适宜度与冬小麦产量呈正相关,通过了0.05显著性水平检验,相关性优于模型改进前的。
The growth and development of crops are heavily affected by meteorological conditions,such as light,temperature,and water.The quantitative evaluation method of meteorological conditions based on climate suitability can help determine the extent of the suitability of meteorological conditions for crops.In this study,the existing deficiency of the water suitability model in the current domestic climate suitability model was identified and improved.Both the improved precipitation suitability and improved soil water suitability contributed to a more optimized domestic climate suitability model.The improved precipitation suitability model considers the water demand of crops,the effectiveness of precipitation,and the influence of excessive precipitation.The improved soil moisture suitability model uses the soil relative humidity in a 0~20 cm area of farmland to compare with the appropriate soil relative humidity at different growth stages of crops,which reduces the inconvenience caused by too many factors in the previous model.The improved model was tested and applied by considering the meteorological conditions of winter wheat in the Hebei Province in different years.The results showed that the water suitability calculated by the improved model could reflect the actual water situation during the growth period of winter wheat;the improved comprehensive suitability could reflect the impact of actual meteorological conditions on winter wheat.There was a significant positive correlation with the winter wheat yield and the model passed the significance level test of 0.05,which is better than that before the improvement of the model.
作者
魏瑞江
王鑫
康西言
WEI Ruijiang;WANG Xin;KANG Xiyan(Meteorological Science Institute of Hebei Province,Shijiazhuang 050021,China;Hebei Laboratory for Meteorological and Eco-environment,Shijiazhuang 050021,China)
出处
《地球科学进展》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2022年第5期496-504,共9页
Advances in Earth Science
基金
中国气象局政策法规建设项目“农作物气象条件定量评价技术导则”(编号:B-2021-005)资助
关键词
气候适宜度
水分适宜度
评价模型
改进与应用
Climate suitability
Water suitability
Evaluation model
Improvement and application
