摘要
为缓解谷子连作障碍,为优化谷子种植模式提供参考,以谷子连作(Si)为对照(CK),设置了谷子-玉米(Si-Zm)、谷子-马铃薯-玉米(Si-St-Zm)、谷子-玉米-大豆(Si-Zm-Gm)和谷子-大豆-马铃薯(Si-Gm-St)4种轮作模式,分析不同轮作模式对谷子关键生育期生理指标、光合特性、农艺性状、产量和白发病发病率的影响。结果表明,与CK相比,Si-St-Zm、Si-Zm-Gm和Si-Gm-St这3种轮作模式下谷子旗叶超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)、过氧化物酶(POD)和多酚氧化酶(PPO)的活性均显著增加,最大增幅分别为45.55%,41.55%和109.09%;Si-Zm-Gm和Si-Gm-St轮作模式下谷子株高、茎粗、根长和根分枝数均显著增加,最大增幅分别为30.48%,30.50%,31.76%和13.79%;Si-Gm-St轮作模式下谷子旗叶H_(2)O_(2)和MDA含量均显著减少,最大减少幅度分别为18.78%和47.29%;气孔导度、净光合速率、蒸腾速率和叶绿素相对含量分别显著增加31.94%~101.43%,35.74%~234.00%,16.44%~46.97%和24.15%~66.16%,谷子穗长、千粒质量和产量分别显著增加14.90%,17.09%和10.58%,谷子白发病发病率显著降低12.33%。综上所述,与CK相比,Si-Gm-St模式下谷子旗叶SOD、POD和PPO活性显著增加,光合效率显著提高;谷子产量和抗病能力最高。因此,与Si-Zm、Si-St-Zm和Si-Zm-Gm轮作模式相比,Si-Gm-St轮作模式对缓解谷子连作障碍的效果最好。
In order to alleviate the continuous cropping obstacle of millet,provide a reference for optimizing millet planting mode,millet continuous cropping(Si)was named as control(CK),millet-corn(Si-Zm),millet-potato-corn(Si-St-Zm),millet-corn-soybean(Si-Zm-Gm)and millet-soybean-potato(Si-Gm-St)were used to analyze the effects of different rotation patterns on the physiological indicators,photosynthetic characteristics,agronomic characters,yield and downy mildew incidence rate during the critical millet growth periods.The results showed that compared with CK,in the Si-St-Zm,Si-Zm-Gm and Si-Gm-St rotation patterns,the activeness of superoxide dismutase,peroxidase and polyphenol oxidase in millet flag leaves were significantly increased,with the largest increases of 45.55%,41.55%and 109.09%,respectively.In the Si-Zm-Gm and Si-Gm-St rotation patterns,millet plant height,stem thickness,root length and root branch number were significantly increased,with the largest increases of 30.48%,30.50%,31.76%and 13.79%,respectively.In addition,compared with CK,under the Si-Gm-St rotation system,the H_(2)O_(2) and MDA content in the millet flag leaves were significantly decreased,with the maximum reductions of 18.78%and 47.29%,respectively;and the stomatal conductance,net photosynthetic rate,transpiration rate and relative chlorophyll content were significantly improved by 31.94%—101.43%,35.74%—234.00%,16.44%—46.97%and 24.15%—66.16%,respectively;with millet ear length,1000-grain weight and yield increased by 14.90%,17.09%and 10.58%,respectively;and millet downy mildew incidence rate significantly reduced by 12.33%.In short,compared with CK,the Si-Gm-St rotation system significantly increased the activeness of SOD,POD and PPO,and improved photosynthetic efficiency in millet flag leaves,meanwhile,the millet yield and disease resistance enhanced.Therefore,compared with Si-Zm,Si-St-Zm and Si-Zm-Gm rotation patterns,Si-Gm-St rotation system has the best effect on alleviating continuous cropping obstacles,which can provide a reference
作者
徐丽霞
董雪
张艾英
郭二虎
孙靓
XU Lixia;DONG Xue;ZHANG Aiying;GUO Erhu;SUN Liang(Department of Food Engineering,Shanxi Pharmaceutical Vocational College,Taiyuan 030031,China;Millet Research Institute,Shanxi Agricultural University,Changzhi 046011,China)
出处
《华北农学报》
CSCD
北大核心
2022年第3期68-76,共9页
Acta Agriculturae Boreali-Sinica
基金
山西省高等学校科技创新项目(201804038)
国家现代农业技术产业体系建设专项(CARS-06-13.5-A21)
山西药科职业学院校级课题项目(2018101)。
关键词
谷子
轮作模式
生理指标
光合特性
产量
白发病
发病率
Millet
Rotation patterns
Physiological indicators
Agronomic characteristics
Yield
Downy mildew
Incidence rate
