摘要
厘清中国城市环境质量升级的空间相互作用,分析其内在激励机制和外在溢出效应,对推动区域环境治理联动机制和新型城镇化高质量发展具有重要实践意义。现有文献主要关注城市环境质量的空间相关性,并未对其是否存在同群效应及其作用机制进行检验。文章利用2003—2019年中国地级及以上城市面板数据,将同群效应假说引入城市环境质量空间特征分析,构建空间计量模型分析城市环境质量的同群效应及其作用机制。研究表明:①地理、经济和行政相邻城市间环境质量具有显著的正向同群效应,且地理相邻城市间的表现尤为明显;通过更换被解释变量、空间权重矩阵、样本数量和估计模型后的回归结果依然是稳健的。②按照Jenks自然间断点分类法对城市环境质量水平进行识别,并运用补充检验模型探讨不同质量水平城市间环境质量升级的同群效应,结果显示城市间会相互学习和借鉴环境质量升级经验,且环境质量水平较高的城市更容易成为模仿对象。③进一步的作用机制检验表明:城市内部学习效应和外部示范效应等学习机制会弱化同群效应,且高质量城市的表现尤为明显;环境规制的竞争机制和新的环境质量标准政策、创新型城市试点、高铁开通等外在冲击均会强化同群效应,且低质量城市的强化作用最大。基于上述结论提出:科学认识城市环境质量的同群效应,建立健全区域城市污染防治联合机制;充分重视不同类型城市环境质量的学习和模仿行为;切实注重环境规制和外生冲击对环境质量升级同群效应的强化作用;真正发挥外在因素对城市环境质量的影响效应。
Clarifying the spatial interaction of China’s urban environmental quality upgrading and analyzing its internal incentive mechanism and external spillover effects have important practical significance for promoting the linkage mechanism of regional environmental governance and the high-quality development of new urbanization.Existing literature mainly analyzes the spatial relevance of urban environmental quality but the literature does not test the peer effects and mechanism.Using the panel data of cities at prefecturelevel and above in China from 2003 to 2019,this paper introduced the peer effects hypothesis to verify the spatial characteristics of urban environmental quality upgrading and constructed a spatial econometric model to test the peer effects and mechanism.The results showed that:①The environmental quality of geographical,economic,and administrative neighboring cities had significant positive peer effects,especially in geographically neighboring cities.The results were still robust by replacing the explained variables,spatial weight matrix,sample and model estimation methods,etc.②The urban environmental quality level was identified by the Jenks natural break point classification method,and the supplementary test model was used to explore peer effects of environmental quality upgrading between cities with different quality levels.The results showed that cities would learn from each other and learn from experience in upgrading their environmental quality,and cities with higher levels of environmental quality were more likely to be imitated.③Further mechanism testing showed that urban learning mechanisms such as the internal learning effect and external demonstration effect would weaken peer effects,and the performance of high-quality cities was particularly obvious.Competition mechanism such as environmental regulation and external impacts such as new environmental quality standard policies,innovative city trials,and the opening of highspeed rail would all strengthen peer effects,and low-quality
作者
杨晓军
YANG Xiaojun(School of Economics,Zhongnan University of Economics and Law,Wuhan Hubei 430073,China)
出处
《中国人口·资源与环境》
CSSCI
CSCD
北大核心
2022年第6期84-93,共10页
China Population,Resources and Environment
基金
国家社会科学基金项目“户籍管制下城市差异化公共服务供给与人口空间集聚优化研究”(批准号:18BRK017)。
关键词
环境质量
同群效应
机制检验
城市
environmental quality
peer effect
mechanism test
city
