摘要
营养液配置及灌溉控制技术已成为无土栽培中的关键技术,然而目前营养液管理控制中存在配置流程繁琐、营养液配比不精准及灌溉策略单一等问题,阻碍了无土栽培技术的大面积推广应用。针对上述问题,设计了一种基于马利奥特装置的营养液管理控制系统,该系统主要由营养液配制系统与营养液灌溉控制系统两部分组成。通过EC(电导率)和pH值传感器实时获取营养液成分,建立配液系统,依据不同作物营养需求自动、快速配置目标营养液。根据不同用户的需求,结合作物栽培区的气象参数和应用环境,制定了3种不同的灌溉策略:参比蒸散灌溉模式、光照辐射灌溉模式、定时灌溉模式。实验表明,该系统可以快速、准确地实现营养液的管理控制,为作物的无土栽培技术的大面积推广应用奠定了基础。
Nutrient solution configuration and irrigation control technology have become the key technology in soilless culture.However,the current nutrient solution management control has problems such as cumbersome configuration process,inaccurate nutrient solution ratio and single irrigation strategy,which hinder the development of soilless culture technology.Aiming at the above-mentioned various problems,nutrient solution management and control system was designed based on the Mariotte device.The system was mainly composed of nutrient solution preparation system and nutrient solution irrigation control system.Through EC(conductivity)value and pH value sensors,the components of the nutrient solution were obtained in real time,the mathematical model of liquid preparation and prescription was established,and the target nutrient solution was automatically and quickly configured according to the nutritional needs of different crops.According to the needs of different users,combined with the meteorological parameters and application environment of the crop cultivation area,three different irrigation strategies were formulated.Experiments showed that the system can quickly and accurately realize the management and control of the nutrient solution,laying a part of the foundation for the production of soilless cultivation of crops.
作者
赵燕东
高宇
施伟
张馨
郑文刚
薛绪掌
ZHAO Yandong;GAO Yu;SHI Wei;ZHANG Xin;ZHENG Wengang;XUE Xuzhang(School of Technology,Beijing Forestry University,Beijing 100083,China;Forest and Grass Ecological Carbon Neutral Wisdom Perception Research Institute,Beijing 100083,China;National Research Center of Intelligent Equipment for Agriculture,Beijing 100097,China)
出处
《农业机械学报》
EI
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2022年第6期380-387,共8页
Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery
基金
农业物联网技术北京市工程实验室建设项目(PT202128)
国家重点研发计划项目(2020YFD1000500)
北京市农林科学院创新能力专项(KJCX20210402)。
关键词
无土栽培
马利奥特装置
营养液
配液系统
灌溉策略
soilless cultivation
Mariotte device
nutrient solution
dosing system
irrigation strategy
