摘要
范仲淹《岳阳楼记》“越明年”作何解读,其中既有史料解读的分歧,也有词汇训释的差异。“越明年”的解读,当从历时性的语料研读入手,找出直接的证据。从时间记载确切的墓志资料可以看出,“明年”指的是次年,而非第三年;“越”字与时间连用,有“越”+时间点、“越”+时间段两种,前者表示的即“越”字后的时间,《岳阳楼记》之“越明年”正是如此。后者表示的是跨越、度过一段时间,“越”字为动词。在“越”+时间点这种用法上,“越”与“粤”相通,“越以”和“粤以”用法一致,“越”“粤”二者均是句首无意义的虚词,不能训作介词“到”“于”等义。因此,“越明年”即“明年”、次年之义,在《岳阳楼记》中,指的是庆历五年,而非庆历六年。对滕子京《与范经略求书记》时间的再解读,也可判定岳阳楼增修在庆历五年,与词汇的训释结果相吻合。
The interpretation of“yue ming nian”in the Notes on Yueyang Tower by Fan Zhongyan has caused a controversy including the differences of interpretation of historical materials and the differences of vocabulary interpretation in academia.The interpretation of“yue ming nian”is to find out the direct evidence from the diachronic study of the corpus.From the exact and reliable epitaph data recorded in time,we can see that“yue ming nian”refers to the following year,not the third year;the Chinese word“yue”can express two types of meaning when used in conjunction with time,i.e.,“yue+the time point”and“yue+the time period”.The former refers to the time after the word“yue”,and the“yue ming nian”in Notes on Yueyang Tower is exactly the same.The latter represents a span and a period of time,and the word“yue”is a verb.In terms of the usage of“yue+time point”,“yue(越)”is connected with“yue(粤)”,“yue yi(越以)”and“yue yi(粤以)”are also used in the same way.Both“yue(越)”and“yue(粤)”are meaningless words putting at the beginning of a sentence,and they cannot be used as prepositions“dao(到)”or“yu(于)”.Therefore,the meaning of“yue ming nian(越明年)”is the following year.In Notes on Yueyang Tower,it refers to the five years of the Qingli(庆历),not the six years of the Qingli(庆历).An reinterpretation of Teng Zijing’s time of Requiring a Book from Fan jinglue《与范经略求书记》can also confirm the renovation time of Yueyang Tower.It is in line with the interpretation results of vocabulary.
作者
杨玉锋
YANG Yu-feng(College of Language and Culture,Northwest A&F University,Yangling 712100,China)
出处
《宁波大学学报（人文科学版）》
2022年第4期100-105,123,共7页
Journal of Ningbo University：Liberal Arts Edition
基金
中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金项目“唐代送别诗研究”(2452021035)
中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金项目“社会生活视野下的唐代送别诗研究”(2452022044)。
关键词
《岳阳楼记》
越明年
粤
越以
粤以
Notes on Yueyang Tower
yue ming nian
yue(粤)
yue yi(越以)
yue yi(粤以)
