摘要
探讨不同施锌方式及锌肥用量对冬小麦产量及籽粒锌(Zn)、铁(Fe)和硒(Se)含量的影响,以期为小麦微量元素营养强化提供理论和技术依据。采用田间裂区试验,在无人机统一喷施富硒肥基础上,设置土施锌肥(Z)和无人机叶面喷施锌肥(F)两个施肥方式,主区土施锌肥设置0、30 kg/hm^(2)两个水平(Z_(0)、Z_(1)),副区无人机叶面喷施设置锌肥0、4.5、9、13.5 kg/hm^(2)四个梯度(F_(0)、F_(1)、F_(2)、F_(3)),测定小麦成熟期籽粒产量及籽粒Zn、Fe和Se元素含量。结果表明:(1)土施+喷施锌提高了小麦产量、穗长和穗粒数,对穗数与千粒重无显著影响,与对照Z_(0)F_(0)和Z_(1)F_(0)相比,Z_(1)F_(3)处理增产13.29%~19.37%。(2)土施、喷施锌肥能提高小麦籽粒锌含量,Z_(0)F_(1),Z_(1)F_(1),Z_(1)F_(2)与Z_(1)F_(3)处理籽粒锌浓度分别为43.00、43.20、54.23、41.07 mg/kg,达到籽粒锌强化目标值40~45 mg/kg,较对照增加17.44%~55.08%。(3)叶面喷施富硒肥配合锌肥施用能够改善小麦籽粒硒营养品质,小麦籽粒硒含量为0.22~0.37 mg/kg,满足硒生物强化目标值0.15 mg/kg;对小麦籽粒铁含量无显著影响。(4)土施锌肥配合无人机叶面喷施锌硒肥使小麦增收2858.8~6679.8元/hm^(2)。通过土施锌肥配合无人机喷施锌硒肥是提高潜在性缺锌土壤上小麦籽粒产量及籽粒锌和硒微量元素含量较为经济的方式,对改善小麦微量元素营养品质有较好作用。
The effects of different application methods and amounts of zinc(Zn)fertilizer on wheat grain yields and accumulation of Zn,iron(Fe)and selenium(Se)in grains were investigated to provide theoretical and technical basis for wheat grain micronutrient biofortification.In addition to the Se-rich fertilizer uniformly sprayed by the unmanned aerial vehicle(UAV),the current split-plot field experiment included two soil Zn application rates(0 and30 kg/ha;Z_(0),Z_(1))as the main plots and four foliar Zn application rates(0,4.5,9,13.5 kg/ha;F_(0),F_(1),F_(2),F_(3))as the split-plots.Wheat grain yields and grain Zn,Fe and Se concentrations were determined at maturity.The results indicated that:(1)Soil+foliar applications of Zn fertilizer increased wheat grain yields,spike length and number,and had no significant effects on ear number and thousand-kernel weight.Compared with Z_(0)F_(0) and Z_(1)F_(0),Z_(1)F_(3) increased the wheat grain yield by 13.29%-19.37%.(2)Soil and UAV spraying applications of Zn fertilizer could increase grain Zn concentrations.The grain Zn concentrations in treatments of Z_(0)F_(1),Z_(1)F_(1),Z_(1)F_(2) and Z_(1)F_(3) were 43.00,43.20,54.23 and 41.07 mg/kg respectively,which had reach the target value of zinc biofortification 40-45 mg/kg and increased by 17.44%-55.08%when compared with the control.(3)The UAV Se-rich fertilizer foliar spraying in combination with Zn application could improve the nutritional quality of wheat grain Se and the grain Se concentrations ranged among 0.22-0.37 mg/kg,which meet the target value of Se biofortification 0.15 mg/kg.There was no significant effect on Fe concentrations in wheat grains.(4)Soil Zn application in combination with UAV spraying applications of Zn and Se fertilizer increased wheat revenue by 2,858.8-6,679.8 yuan/ha.Therefore,it is a more economical way to increase grain yields and Zn and Se concentrations in wheat grains in zinc-deficient soil by applying Zn fertilizer in soil and spraying Zn and Se fertilizer with UAV simultaneously,which has a better e
作者
王澜
蒋曦龙
陈利容
孔玮琳
贤伟华
马国兴
夏海勇
WANG Lan;JIANG Xilong;CHEN Lirong;KONG Weilin;XIAN Weihua;MA Guoxing;XIA Haiyong(College of Life Sciences,Shandong Normal University,Ji'nan 250014;Crop Research Institute,Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement,Ecology and Physiology/National Engineering Laboratory for Wheat and Maize,Ji'nan 250100;College of Resources and Environmental Sciences,China Agricultural University,Beijing 100193;Plant Protection Station of Dongming County,Dongming 274500;Yikangyuan Food Co.,Ltd.,Dongming 274507;Wheat Industrial Technology Research Institute of Heze,Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Ji'nan 250100;College of Agronomy,Qingdao Agricultural University,Qingdao 266109,China)
出处
《东北农业科学》
2022年第2期16-20,24,共6页
Journal of Northeast Agricultural Sciences
基金
山东省重点研发计划(公益性科技攻关类)项目(2018GNC111012)
山东省农业科学院农业科技创新工程项目(CXGC2016B04)
山东农业大学作物生物学国家重点实验室开放课题(2016KF05)。
关键词
锌
硒
无人机
籽粒产量
生物强化
Zinc
Selenium
Unmanned aerial vehicle(UAV)
Grain yield
Biofortification
