摘要
发展高淀粉玉米生产可有效提高经济效益,笔者于2015年至2016年研究了肥料配施对高淀粉玉米产量和品质的影响。结果表明,不施肥产量最低,氮磷配施产量高于单施氮肥,氮磷钾配施产量又高于氮磷配施,氮磷钾配施施肥量越大,产量越高,淀粉产量和籽粒产量基本一致。在灌浆过程中,单施氮肥较不施肥籽粒淀粉、脂肪和蛋白质含量均提高;氮磷配施较单施氮肥前期籽粒淀粉含量提高,后期降低,脂肪和蛋白质含量降低;氮磷钾配施较氮磷配施籽粒脂肪含量提高,淀粉和蛋白质含量降低;低肥使籽粒淀粉、脂肪和蛋白质含量前期大幅提高;高肥使籽粒淀粉含量提高,蛋白质和脂肪含量前期提高,后期降低。最佳的施肥方案为氮15 kg/667 m^(2),五氧化二磷7.5 kg/667 m^(2)。
The development of high starch maize can effectively improve the economic benefits.Effect of the combined fertilizers application on grain yield and qualities of high starch maize was studied in Anyang,He’nan Province from 2015 to 2016.The results indicated that the yield of the non-fertilizer treatment was the lowest,the yield of maize with the single N fertilizer treatment was higher than that of non-fertilizer treatment,the yield with the N and P fertilizer combined application was higher than that with the single N fertilizer,the yield with the N,P and K fertilizer combined application was higher than that with N and P fertilizer combined application.The bigger the combined application of N,P and K fertilizers was,the higher yield was.In the period of filling-grain,the contents of starch,lipid and protein with the single N fertilizer treatment were increased than that of non-fertilizer treatment,the content of the starch of maize with the N and P fertilizer combined application was increased in the early stage and reducer in the late stage than that with the single N treatment.At the same time,the contents of lipid and starch were reduced.The contents of lipid with the N,P and K fertilizers combined application were higher than that with N and P fertilizers combined application,the contents of starch and protein was reduced.The contents of starch,lipid and protein with the low-fertilizer treatment were high in the early stage.The contents of starch with the highfertilizer treatment were increased,and the content of protein and lipid were increased in the early stage while was reduced in the late period.The best fertilizer application scheme was N for 15 kg/667 m^(2),P_(2)O_(5) for 7.5 kg/667 m^(2).
作者
刘铭
刘秀霞
刘文成
马瑞霞
王景顺
杨金良
LIU Ming;LIU Xiuxia;LIU Wencheng;MA Ruixia;WANG Jingshun;YANG Jinliang(Anyang Institute of Technology,Anyang 455000;Anyang Experiment Station of Crop Varieties,Anyang 455000;Agricultural Service Center of Yonghe Town,Anyang 455112,China)
出处
《东北农业科学》
2022年第2期1-3,15,共4页
Journal of Northeast Agricultural Sciences
基金
河南省科技攻关计划项目(182102110409)。
关键词
玉米
淀粉
肥料
产量
品质
Maize
Starch
Fertilization
Yield
Quality
