摘要
传统框架研究关注新闻框架及其效应,此次研究尝试分析新媒体话语表达中的框架,以及框架的影响因素。以框架是为了更好地促成对事物的理解为理论基础,基于宏观层面和个体层面因素对表达话语的塑造,提出新媒体话语表达框架的四个维度:核心议题、关注对象、论述方式、论述层次。以新浪微博三个代表性案例的舆论表达为例,包括个税改革、疫苗事件、药神议题,提出框架四维度的具体类目;以数据驱动为路径,通过四维度的聚类分析获得主导表达框架,并分析这些表达框架的影响因素。研究发现:从帖子来看,宏观层面和个体层面因素塑造的微博话语表达的确存在主导表达框架。性别、认证、粉丝数、发帖数、关注数等不同程度地影响主导表达模式。同时,由于事件属性、专业知识限制程度、信息开放性等的差异,使得三个案例中主导表达框架存在数量和类型及影响因素的差异。三个案例对比分析发现:在政策类案例中,表达框架较为稳定,论述层次是重要框架维度;而娱乐类案例中,表达框架较为多元,核心议题是重要框架维度;社会类案例中,表达框架数量介于两者之间,关注对象是重要框架维度。同时,三个案例中人口和网络特征对主导表达框架的影响程度和机制也有所不同。研究基于理论和数据驱动相结合的方式详细呈现了框架的操作化过程,对新媒体话语表达框架的分析路径,以及对深化新媒体舆论场的认识有所贡献。
While traditional framing studies focus on news framing and its effects,this study attempts to analyze the common frames of public opinion on new media and the influential factors of frames.Based on the theory that frames are for better understanding of things,and the factors that shape the expression discourse at the macro level and individual level,this study proposes a four-dimensional analytical framework:core topics,focusing objects,discourse modes,and discourse levels.Namely,this is the frame of new media expression.The study takes the expression of three public issues on Sina Weibo———“The Reform of Individual Income Tax”,“Vaccine Event”and“Dying to Survive”———as examples,to put forward specific categories of fourdimensions frame,and to achieve dominant expression frames models through the cluster analysis based on the four-dimensions respectively following the data-driven approach.Also,we analyze the influential factors of frames.The study found that from the perspective of posts,there are dominant expression frames of the public opinion on Sina Weibo,shaped by factors at the macro-level and individual level.Those factors influence the dominant expression frames,such as gender,authentication,number of fans,number of posts,and number of followers.Furthermore,due to the differences in event attributes,professional knowledge limitations,and information openness and accessibility,there are differences in the number,types,and influential factors of dominant expression frames among the three events.From the comparison of the three cases the study found the follawing conclusions.In policy cases,the frame of expression is relatively stable,and the discourse level is the important frame dimension.In entertainment cases,the frame of expression is more diversified,and the core topic is the important frame dimension.While in social cases,the frame of expression falls in between the two,and the focusing object is the important frame dimension.Meanwhile,the influential mechanisms of demographics
作者
晏齐宏
蒋欣兰
Yan Qihong;Jiang Xinlan(Beijing Jiaotong University;University of Chinese Academy of Social Sciences)
出处
《新闻与传播评论》
CSSCI
2022年第4期13-32,共20页
Journalism & Communication Review
基金
国家社会科学基金青年项目(21CXW007)。
关键词
新媒体
意见表达
框架
话语框架
比较分析
new media
opinion expression
framing
discoursive frame
comparative analysis
