摘要
目的了解北京市四年级至六年级小学生对独立健康教育课程的需求。方法通过多阶段分层抽样,对北京市14所小学负责健康教育工作老师进行访谈,了解学校开设健康相关课程情况,对四至六年级小学生健康知识掌握情况、未来希望学习的独立健康教育课程内容及使用的互动授课方式等需求进行现场问卷调查,调查数据用率和构成比进行描述,用卡方检验和系统聚类法进行统计分析。结果在2749名调查对象中,小学生健康知识回答正确率为57.24%,其中小学生常见病防治和安全应急与避险知识正确率最低;小学生希望学习的前三类独立健康教育课程内容分别是小学生常见病防治(71.81%,1806/2515)、心理健康(66.56%,1674/2515)、安全应急与避险(61.55%,1548/2515),不同年级、不同性别小学生间差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);希望使用的前三种互动授课方式是动手操作(65.81%,1655/2515)、做游戏(61.51%,1547/2515)、看视频(56.30%,1416/2515),不同年级、不同性别小学生间差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论北京市小学生独立健康教育课程需求明显,可积极探索基于提高健康素养的独立健康教育课程体系,发展多元化的学校健康教育模式。
Objective To analyze the needs of independent health education courses of 4-6 grade school students in Beijing.Methods 14 primary schools in Beijing were selected using a multi-stage stratified sampling.Teachers in charge of health education was interviewed to survey the health-related courses in school.A questionnaire was used to investigate current health knowledge,expected learned content and interactive teaching method of independent health education courses among 4-6 grade students in the future.The survey data were described by rate and constituent ratio,then analyzed by chi-square test and cluster analysis.Results Among 2749 respondents,the correct rate of health knowledge test was 57.24%,current knowledge of common diseases and emergency prevention were lower than other parts.Three top contents of independent health education courses were preventive knowledge about common diseases(71.81%,1806/2515),mental health(66.56%,1674/2515),Safety emergency and avoidance(61.55%,1548/2515).There differences between grades and genders(P<0.05);Hands-on Activities(65.81%,1655/2515),playing games(61.51%,1547/2515),watching video(56.30%,1416/2515)were the most popular teaching methods,and there were statistically significant differences between different grades and genders(P<0.05).Conclusion Independent health education courses for pupils is urgently needed in Beijing.It worth more attention to explore independent health education curriculum system based on improving health literacy and develop diversified school health education model in the future.
作者
谢立璟
龙鑫
张夏男
张洪伟
纪颖
袁作雄
聂立华
XIE Lijing;LONG Xin;ZHANG Xia'nan;ZHANG Hongwei;JI Ying;YUAN Zuoxiong;NIE Lihua(Department of Preventive Medicine,Yanjing Medical College,Capital Medical University,Beijing,101300,China)
出处
《中国社会医学杂志》
2022年第3期266-269,共4页
Chinese Journal of Social Medicine
基金
中华医学会医学教育分会和中国高等教育学会医学教育专业委员会医学教育研究课题(2018B-N06002)
首都医科大学燕京医学院科研基金项目(19qdky13)。
关键词
健康教育
独立健康教育课程
小学生
课程需求
Health education
Independent health education courses
Pupil
Course needs
