摘要
目的 探讨足月低出生体重儿发生的危险因素,为降低低出生体重儿发生率制定干预措施提供依据。方法 选取1613例足月低出生体重儿作为研究组,另选取1613例足月正常体重儿作为对照组。比较两组新生儿一般情况、母亲社会文化因素及母亲孕期情况,分析足月低出生体重儿发生的危险因素。结果 单因素分析结果显示,研究组女婴、多胎妊娠、孕前体质量指数(BMI)<18.5 kg/m2、孕期增重不足、母亲妊娠期高血压疾病、羊水过少、产前检查次数<5次、母亲为初中及以下文化程度占比分别为59.8%、13.8%、0.9%、0.9%、10.8%、7.4%、8.6%、2.9%,均高于对照组的45.8%、1.2%、0.4%、0.3%、3.4%、3.8%、6.3%、1.2%,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。两组非汉族、年龄≥35岁、非首次妊娠、不良孕产史、羊水过多、妊娠期糖尿病、妊娠合并甲状腺疾病、妊娠合并心脏疾病、妊娠期贫血、前置胎盘、胎膜早破、胎位异常、辅助生殖技术情况比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。多因素Logistic回归分析结果显示,多胎妊娠、女婴、母亲初中及以下文化程度、孕前BMI<18.5 kg/m2、产前检查次数<5次、羊水过少、妊娠期高血压疾病是足月低出生体重儿发生的危险因素(P<0.05)。结论 足月低出生体重儿的发生与多种因素有关,可以通过加强孕期保健宣教、指导孕妇规范产检、合理饮食和营养,积极防治妊娠合并症,来降低或避免足月低出生体重儿的发生。
Objective To discuss the risk factors of full-term low birth weight infants in Huangpu District,so as to provide evidence for the development of intervention measures to reduce the incidence of low birth weight infants.Methods 1613 full-term low birth weight infants were selected as the research group,and1613 full-term normal birth weight infants were selected as the control group.The risk factors for the occurrence of full-term low birth weight infants were analyzed by comparing the general condition of newborns,socio-cultural factors of mothers and maternal conditions during pregnancy in the two groups.Results The results of univariate analysis showed that the percentages of female infants,multiple pregnancies,pre-pregnancy body mass index(BMI)<18.5 kg/m~2,insufficient weight gain during pregnancy,maternal hypertensive disorders during pregnancy,oligohydramnios,number of prenatal examination<5,and mothers with junior high school education or below in the research group were 59.8%,13.8%,0.9%,0.9%,10.8%,7.4%,8.6%,and 2.9%,which were higher than45.8%,1.2%,0.4%,0.3%,3.4%,3.8%,6.3%,and 1.2%in the control group,and the differences were statistically significant (P<0.05).There was no statistically significant difference between the two groups in terms of non-Han nationality,age≥35 years,non-first pregnancy,adverse maternal history,polyhydramnios,gestational diabetes mellitus,pregnancy complicated with thyroid disease,pregnancy complicated with heart disease,pregnancy anemia,placenta praevia,premature rupture of membranes,abnormal fetal position,and assisted reproductive technology (P>0.05).Multivariate Logistic regression analysis showed that multiple pregnancies,female infants,mothers with junior high school education or below,pre-pregnancy BMI<18.5 kg/m~2,number of prenatal examinations<5,oligohydramnios,hypertensive disorder complicating pregnancy were risk factors for fullterm low birth weight infants (P<0.05).Conclusion The occurrence of full-term low birth weight is related to a variety of factors.The occurren
出处
《中国实用医药》
2022年第10期1-5,共5页
China Practical Medicine
基金
广州市卫生健康科技一般引导项目(项目编号:20201A010081)。
