摘要
目的:定量分析六种类型残疾人(视力残疾、听力残疾、言语残疾、肢体残疾、智力残疾、精神残疾)在体育锻炼行为和生命质量上的差异,以及体育锻炼行为对不同类型残疾人的影响,为针对性地指导残疾人参与体育锻炼,更好地促进残疾人健康提供参考。方法:采用体育锻炼行为量表和生命质量量表(SF-36)等对382名北京市残疾人进行问卷调查,通过单因素方差分析比较六种类型残疾人生命质量以及体育锻炼行为的差异,对生命质量和体育行为做相关分析。结果:(1)六种类型残疾人的生命质量单因素方差分析表明,在生理机能、生理职能、躯体疼痛、情感职能、一般健康状况5个维度差异非常显著性(P<0.01),在社会功能和精神健康2个维度差异具有显著性(P<0.05)。(2)六种类型残疾人体育锻炼行为单因素方差性分析显示,在锻炼时间(P<0.01)和锻炼坚持性(P<0.05)上存在显著性差异。(3)残疾人的大多数生命质量指标与锻炼行为有显著正相关,肢体、精神和智力三类残疾人的相关系数高于视力、听力、言语残疾人。结论:(1)残疾人生命质量总体状况较差,比较而言,视力障碍的残疾人生命质量较好,精神障碍残疾人生命质量较差。(2)大多数类型残疾人群参与了足够的体育锻炼,特别是在锻炼频率、锻炼坚持性方面得分较高,但精神障碍残疾人体育锻炼行为状况不容乐观。(3)体育锻炼对残疾人的生命质量有显著的促进作用,特别是对肢体残疾、精神残疾和智力残疾的效果更加明显。在促进残疾人生命质量的工作中,应把组织残疾人参与体育活动作为一项重要措施进行落实。
The paper aims to quantitatively analyze the differences in physical exercise behavior and quality of life among six types of disabled persons(visual disability, hearing disability, speech disability, physical disability, intellectual disability and mental disability), and the effects of physical exercise behavior on different types of disabled persons, so as to provide references for guiding the disabled to participate in physical exercise and better promote the health of the disabled. 382 disabled people in Beijing were investigated by physical exercise behavior scale and quality of life scale(SF-36). The differences of quality of life and physical exercise behavior of six types of disabled people were compared by one-way ANOVA to analyze role physical quality of life and physical exercise behavior. The results are as follows. Firstly,one-way ANOVA of life quality of disabled persons of six types showed significant differences in five dimensions of physiological function, physiological function,physical pain, emotional function and general health status(P< 0. 01), and significant differences led in two dimensions of social function and mental health(P< 0. 05). Secondly, through one-way ANOVA of disabled persons of six types, physical exercise behavior showed that there were significant differences in exercise time(P<0. 01) and exercise persistence(P< 0. 05). Lastly, most quality of life indicators for persons with disabilities are significantly positively correlated with exercise behavior, and the correlation coefficient of physical, mental and intellectual disability is higher than that of visual, hearing and speech disability. It is concluded at first the overall quality of life of persons with disabilities is poor. In comparison, the quality of life of persons with visual impairment is better, while the quality of life of the disabled with mental disorders is poor. Beside, persons with disabilities of most types are involved in adequate physical exercise, with high scores especially in the frequency of exerc
作者
陈善平
贾岳朋
刘丽萍
杨莹琨
CHEN Shan-ping;JIA Yue-peng;LIU Li-ping;YANG Ying-kun(Department of Physical Education,Xi’an Jiaotong University,Xi’an,Shaanxi 710049,China;Middle School,Beijing Royal Foreign Language school,Changping District,Beijing 102209,China)
出处
《体育研究与教育》
2022年第3期75-82,共8页
Sports Research and Education
基金
陕西省体育局常规课题(2019003)。
关键词
残疾人
生命质量
体育锻炼
健康
SF-36
disabled persons
quality of life
physical exercise
health
SF-36
