摘要
尿酸结石是泌尿系常见结石,也是唯一可以通过药物溶石的结石。尿酸结石在全球的发病率逐年升高,深入了解尿酸结石的发病机制,对识别、治疗和预防尿酸结石非常重要。持续性低尿pH值、高尿酸尿、低尿量是尿酸结石发病的重要因素。近年来,尿酸盐转运蛋白被证实在尿酸结石的形成中发挥了重要作用,为尿酸结石的研究提供了新的思路。通过术前螺旋CT、双源CT等检查,结合术后结石成分分析从而正确诊断尿酸结石是治疗及预防尿酸结石的关键。碱化尿液、降低尿尿酸以及增加饮水量可预防及治疗尿酸结石。本文结合最新研究进展,就尿酸结石的病理生理机制及诊疗进展等进行综述。
Uric acid stones are a common type of stone in the urinary system being the only stone that can be dissolved by drugs.The incidence of uric acid stone is increasing worldwide.It is very important to have an in depth understanding of the pathogenesis of uric acid stones to enable its identification,treatment and prevention.Persistent low urine pH,high urine uric acid levels and low urine volume are important factors in the pathogenesis of uric acid stones.Urate transporters have been proved to play an important role in the formation of uric acid stones,which provides a new direction for their study.The correct diagnosis of uric acid stones through CT,dual source CT examination combined with postoperative stone composition analysis is key to the treatment and prevention of uric acid stones.These can be prevented by alkalizing urine,reducing uric acid and increasing water intake.Based on the latest research progress,this paper reviews the pathophysiology,diagnosis and treatment of uric acid stones.
作者
张开能
柯昌兴
Kai-Neng ZHANG;Chang-Xing KE(Department of Urology,The Second Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University,Kunming 650000,China;Yunnan Institute of Urology,Kunming 650000,China)
出处
《医学新知》
CAS
2022年第3期223-228,共6页
New Medicine
基金
昆明医科大学研究生创新基金项目(2021S063)。
关键词
尿酸结石
尿酸盐转运蛋白
双源CT
枸橼酸氢钾钠
Uric acid stone
Urate transporter
Dual source CT
Potassium sodium hydrogen citrate granules
