摘要
为实现全球温升1.5℃以下的气候目标,需要减少化石燃料的使用和温室气体排放,带有碳捕集与封存的生物能源(BECCS)技术已得到广泛关注。对以单乙醇胺(MEA)溶液作为溶剂的化学吸收碳捕集系统进行建模。以采用了3种生物质(木头,草本生物质和固体垃圾)为燃料的生物质电厂和使用了2种燃煤(烟煤和褐煤)为燃料的火电厂为例,分析了从生物质电厂捕集到的烟气组成以及碳捕集系统的CO_(2)捕集率、能耗和经济效益,并将结果与燃煤电厂的碳捕集结果进行对比。结果表明:生物质电厂产生的烟气组成与生物质种类相关,与燃煤电厂的碳捕集情况相比,生物质燃烧烟气中CO_(2)体积分数分布更广;相同溶剂条件下,除草本生物质外,捕集系统对生物质燃烧烟气的碳捕集率为63.73%~92.08%,高于燃煤烟气的59.24%~79.53%;除城市固体垃圾外,从生物质电厂碳捕集系统的再沸器单位能耗和冷凝器单位能耗分别为3.89~4.00 GJ/t和1.57~1.71 GJ/t,低于燃煤电厂所需的3.90~4.29 GJ/t和1.61~1.97 GJ/t;从生物质燃烧烟气捕集CO_(2)造成MEA降解更少;在保证热电厂热量输入的情况下,虽然捕集系统对燃煤电厂经济效益的提升大于生物质电厂,但后者的经济效益更好。
To make a commitment on limiting temperature rise to 1.5℃,it is necessary to reduce the fossil fuel consumptions and greenhouse gas emissions.The bioenergy with carbon capture and storage(BECCS)technology has received extensive attention.A model of monoethanolamine(MEA)-based chemical absorption CO_(2) capture systems is developed.By comparing the performances of carbon capture systems in the biomass power plants taking wood,herb biomass and municipal solid waste as fuels and the coal-fired power plants taking bituminous and lignite as fuels,it is found that their flue gas composition are varied,and the CO_(2) capture rate,energy consumption and economic benefits of installing CO_(2) capture systems are different.The simulation results show that the CO_(2) volume fractions in biomasscombusted flue gas(bio-FG)whose components are varied with the types of fuels are more widely distributed than that in coal-fired flue gas.With the same lean MEA solution,the capture system's CO_(2) capture rate of bio-FG,except herbal biomass,reaches 63.73%−92.08%.It is higher than that of coal-fired flue gas which is 59.24%−79.53%.Except municipal solid waste's flue,the reboiler energy penalty and condenser energy penalty of bio-FG are 3.89−4.00 GJ/t and 1.57−1.71 GJ/t,respectively.They are lower than that of coal-fired flue gas which are 3.90−4.29 GJ/t and 1.61−1.97 GJ/t,respectively.Bio-FG leads to a slower oxidative degradation of MEA.On the premise of consistent and sufficient heat supply,the economic benefit brought by the installation of a CO_(2) capture system to a coal fired power plant is larger than that to a biomass power plant,however,the overall economic benefit of the biomass power plant is higher.
作者
胡长征
王雅博
刘圣春
HU Changzheng;WANG Yabo;LIU Shengchun(Tianjin Key Laboratory of Refrigeration Technology,Tianjin University of Commerce,Tianjin 300134,China)
出处
《综合智慧能源》
CAS
2022年第6期78-85,共8页
Integrated Intelligent Energy
基金
天津市教委科研计划重点项目(2021ZD031)
2020年度天津市研究生科研创新项目(2020 YJSS063)。
关键词
碳中和
碳捕集
生物质
再沸器单位能耗
经济效益
乙醇胺
carbon neutrality
carbon capture
biomass
reboiler energy penalty
economic benefit
MEA
