摘要
为揭示油井开发迹地自然恢复过程植被群落演替规律,探究不同恢复年限油井迹地植被群落特征及其与土壤理化性质的关系,在陕北黄土高原典型石油开发区选取不同自然恢复年限的油井开发迹地,开展植被群落调查和土壤理化性质测定。结果表明:1)随恢复年限增加,油井迹地植物群落科、属、种均有所增加,豆科、菊科、禾本科物种占比最大。2)从恢复1年到20年群落草本盖度、物种数、个体数和生物量分别增加了54.04%、160.00%、168.68%和49.21%;植物群落物种多样性指数、丰富度指数也随恢复年限的增加逐渐增加,而均匀度指数则先增大后减小;恢复20年时群落盖度和植物个体数显著高于自然恢复草地(P<0.05),但物种数和生物量依然低于自然恢复草地。3)随恢复年限增加,土壤pH、总石油烃、速效磷、土壤碳氮比显著降低(P<0.05),而土壤有机碳、全氮和氮磷比从恢复1年到20年分别增加了6.73%、75.00%和93.23%,全磷变化不显著(P>0.05)。4)群落物种多样性指数与土壤总石油烃含量、土壤容重、全氮等指标显著相关(P<0.05);土壤理化指标对油井迹地恢复过程物种变化特征的解释率为62.13%,但不同物种对土壤养分指标的响应有较大差异。总体来看,油井开发迹地自然恢复过程植被群落和土壤养分呈协同变化的关系,总体朝自然恢复草地的方向恢复。
This study was undertaken to reveal the succession rules of vegetation community in natural recovery oil well sites,and to explore the relationship between vegetation community characteristics and soil physical and chemical properties in oil well sites with different restoration years.Vegetation communities and soil physical and chemical properties were determined in typical oil development areas of Loess Plateau in northern Shaanxi province in China.The number of families,genera,and species of plant communities increased with length of time of restoration.Leguminosae,Compositae,and Gramineae were predominant.Herbage plants coverage,number of species,individual number,and aboveground biomass increased by 54.04%,160.00%,168.68%,and 49.21%,respectively,from recovery years 1~20.Shannon-Wiener and Margalef indices of plant communities increased with increasing restoration time.The Pielou index initially increased and then decreased.After 20 years of restoration,the community coverage and individual number were significantly higher than those of the natural restoration grassland(P<0.05).However,species number and biomass were still lower than those of the natural restoration grassland(P<0.05).With increasing length of restoration,soil pH,total petroleum hydrocarbon,available phosphorus,and soil carbon/nitrogen ratio decreased significantly.Soil organic carbon,total nitrogen,and nitrogen/phosphorus ratio increased by 6.73%,75.00%,and 93.23%,respectively.Soil total phosphorus did not change significantly(P>0.05).Community species diversity index showed a strong synergistic relationship with soil total petroleum hydrocarbon content,soil bulk density,and total nitrogen.The explanation rate of soil physical and chemical indicators to species changes was 62.13%.However,the response of different species to soil nutrient indicators differed.In general,the relationship between vegetation community and soil nutrients was synergetic during the natural restoration of oil well site.The vegetation community generally recovered in t
作者
卢笑玥
焦子怡
赵雪
贾小敏
曹妮妮
陈敏捷
张淳
邓健
LU Xiaoyue;JIAO Ziyi;ZHAO Xue;JIA Xiaomin;CAO Nini;CHEN Minjie;ZHANG Chun;DENG Jian(College of Life Sciences,Yan’an University,Yan’an 716100,Shaanxi,China;Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Chinese Jujube/Yan’an University,Yan’an 716100,Shaanxi,China)
出处
《草业科学》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2022年第6期1080-1091,共12页
Pratacultural Science
基金
国家自然科学基金(41907086)
延安大学校级科研计划项目(YDY2020-33)
国家级大学生创新创业训练计划项目(202110719054)。
关键词
石油污染
植被恢复
植物群落
土壤养分
物种多样性
冗余分析
黄土高原
oil pollution
vegetation restoration
plant community
soil nutrients
species diversity
redundancy analysis
Loess Plateau
