摘要
本文基于全球产出供应链和投入需求链双重视角,从国家-行业和微观企业层面分析中国以不同贸易方式嵌入全球价值链的位置及其变动的驱动因素。研究发现:2005-2015年,中国在双链中的位置都有所上升,且呈现出“N”形变化趋势,一般贸易嵌入产出供应链的位置更高,加工贸易嵌入投入需求链的位置更高;一般贸易和加工贸易嵌入产出供应链位置的提升分别由国内中间品供给网络扩张和跨国中间品供给网络效应主导,投入需求链位置的攀升主要得益于国内中间品需求网络的扩张;中国制造业企业出口上游度有一定程度上升,进口下游度波动较大。此外,新进入企业拥有更高的出口上游度,持续在位企业出口上游度的提升是促进制造业行业一般贸易出口上游度攀升的主要原因,加工贸易出口上游度的攀升主要得益于集约边际的增长,而制造业行业两种贸易方式进口下游度的下降则分别由进入效应和扩展边际的变动所导致。
Based on the perspectives of the global output supply chain and global input demand chain,this paper measures and analyses China ’s ordinary and processing trade-based GVC position and further investigates the influencing factors on its changes at the country-industry and micro-firm levels respectively.The results of the study indicate that: from 2005 to 2015,China’s GVC position reveals upward trends in both the output supply chain and input demand chain,showing an N-shaped trend. Compared to processing trade,ordinary trade is embedded into a relatively higher position in the global output supply chain,while processing trade is embedded into a higher position in the global input demand chain than ordinary trade.The improvement of the embedded position in the global output supply chain for ordinary trade and processing trade is driven by the intra-country intermediate supply network expansion and the inter-country intermediate supply network effect respectively. However,China’s rising position embedded in the global input demand chain under different trade regimes is mainly due to the intra-country intermediate demand network expansion. The average export upstreamness of China ’s manufacturing firms experiences a rise.However,firms import downstreamness fluctuates greatly. The increase in export upstreamness of China’s manufacturing for ordinary trade is mainly driven by the higher upstreamness of new entrants and the increase of survival firms upstreamness,while the driving force for processing trade turns out to be the intensive margin. The decline in the import downstreamness of China’s manufacturing for ordinary trade and processing trade is mainly caused by changes in the entry effect and the extensive margin respectively.
作者
彭水军
吴腊梅
Peng Shuijun;Wu Lamei
出处
《世界经济》
CSSCI
北大核心
2022年第5期3-28,共26页
The Journal of World Economy
基金
国家社会科学基金重大项目(13&ZD167)的阶段性研究成果。
关键词
产出供应链
投入需求链
结构分解分析
global output supply chain
global input demand chain
structural decomposition analysis
