摘要
由于碰碰车经常承受作用时间很短但幅度很大的碰撞冲击载荷,传统的结构设计一般难以准确计算。介绍了碰碰车的主要结构和运行原理。碰撞过程中,遵循质量、能量、动量守恒的三大定律,以瞬态动力学理论为基础,给出了有限元分析的基本步骤和流程。利用ANSYS Workbench有限元软件,构建碰碰车与防撞梁的简化模型。进行网格划分,设置碰撞初始条件和边界约束,模拟仿真碰碰车与防撞梁正碰撞的物理过程。计算结束后,提取碰撞过程中缓冲胎吸收能量的时间历程曲线、车架最大应力的时间历程曲线。分析结果表明,碰撞过程中缓冲胎能够吸收碰撞过程中80.2%的动能,具有很好的吸能效果;车架的最大应力为68.5 MPa,应力安全系数大于3.5。该研究可用于碰撞游乐设备的产品设计,对于保障游乐设施的安全、可靠运行,维护游客的生命财产安全具有重要意义。
Due to the fact that bumper cars often bear the impact of short-time and large-scale impact loads,the traditional structural design is generally difficult to accurately calculate.By introducing the main structure and operation principle of bumper cars,and according to the three laws of mass,energy and momentum conservation observed in the collision process,the basic steps and flow of finite element analysis are given based on the theory of transient dynamics.The simplified model of bumper car and anti-collision beam was established by using ANSYS Workbench finite element software.The grid is divided and the initial collision conditions and boundary constraints are set,and the physical process of the positive collision between bumper car and anti-collision beam is simulated.The time history curves of the energy absorbed by cushion tire and the maximum stress of the frame in the whole collision process are obtained.The analysis results show that the cushion tire can absorb 80.2%of the kinetic energy during the collision and has a good energy absorption effect;the maximum stress of the frame is 68.5 MPa,and the stress safety factor is greater than 3.5.This research method can be used in the product design of collision amusement equipment,which is of great significance for ensuring the safe and reliable operation of the equipment and maintaining the safety of tourists’lives and property.
作者
赵九峰
ZHAO Jiufeng(Special Equipment Safety Inspection and Research Institute of Henan Province,Zhengzhou 450000,China)
出处
《自动化仪表》
CAS
2022年第4期6-9,共4页
Process Automation Instrumentation
基金
河南省科技攻关计划基金资助项目(212102410009)。
关键词
碰碰车
缓冲胎
碰撞分析
能量吸收
瞬态动力学
时间历程曲线
有限元分析
Bumper car
Cushion tire
Collision analysis
Energy absorption
Transient dynamics
Time history curve
Finite element analysis
