摘要
压力性尿失禁(SUI)是一种女性常见的盆底功能障碍性疾病,发病率逐年上升,严重影响患者的生命质量及身心健康,其病理机制尚未完全明确。衰老、绝经、妊娠、阴道分娩、肥胖、糖尿病、慢性便秘等被认为是SUI的高危因素。正常情况下,盆底神经、肌肉和结缔组织相互协调,以维持正常的控尿功能。多种致病因素可引起盆底神经、肌肉和结缔组织发生细胞外基质代谢失衡、氧化应激及缺氧损伤等病理变化,导致控尿神经损伤或盆底支持组织薄弱。但SUI是一种病因复杂、病理改变多样的疾病,常与其他类型盆底功能障碍性疾病同时存在,相互影响,研究SUI病因学及病理机制需综合考虑。总结SUI病因学研究进展,可为SUI防治研究提供依据。
Stress urinary incontinence(SUI)is a common type of pelvic floor dysfunction in women.The incidence of SUI is increasing year by year,which seriously affects the quality of life and physical and mental health of the patients.Its pathological mechanism has not been fully elucidated.Aging,menopause,pregnancy,vaginal delivery,obesity,diabetes,and chronic constipation are considered as high-risk factors for SUI.The pelvic floor nerves,muscles,and connective tissues coordinate with each other to maintain normal urinary control under normal circumstances.A variety of pathogenic factors can cause pathological changes in pelvic floor nerves,muscles,and connective tissues such as extracellular matrix metabolic imbalance,oxidative stress,and hypoxia damage,which eventually lead to nerve damage of urinary control or weakness of pelvic supporting tissues.However,SUI is a kind of disease with complex etiology and various pathological changes,which often coexists with other types of pelvic floor dysfunction and affects each other.The study of the etiology and pathological mechanism of SUI requires comprehensive consideration.Therefore,summarizing the research progress of the etiology of SUI can provide basis for the research on the prevention and treatment of SUI.
作者
汤剑明
田小丽
洪莉
TANG Jianming;TIAN Xiaoli;HONG Li(Department Two of Gynecology,Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University,Wuhan 430060,China;Department of Pathology,Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University,Wuhan 430060,China)
出处
《医学综述》
CAS
2022年第10期1946-1953,共8页
Medical Recapitulate
基金
国家自然科学基金(82001527)
中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金(2042020kf0066)。
关键词
压力性尿失禁
盆腔器官脱垂
病因学
解剖学
分子生物学
Stress urinary incontinence
Pelvic organ prolapse
Etiology
Anatomy
Molecular biology
