摘要
为筛选可提高烤烟种子抗寒性的引发剂,减轻低温对我国南方烟区烤烟种子萌发及大田生长的不利影响,采用精胺(Spm)作为引发剂,以湘烟5号为试验材料,比较不同浓度Spm引发剂对烤烟种子抗寒性、农艺性状和经济性状的影响。结果表明:以100 g/L负离子粉+0.25 mmol/L Spm处理效果最好,种子发芽势、发芽指数和种子活力指数较CK分别提高了5.67%、62.49%、62.48%;其大棚烟苗一级侧根数、二级侧根数、三级侧根数和总根数较CK分别提高了48.72%、29.77%、22.74%、25.29%,株高、茎围、鲜重、干重较CK分别提高了16.70%、20.93%、15.98%、12.74%,大田圆顶期株高、茎直径和最大叶面积分别比CK增加了7.30%、1.63%、11.04%,产量比CK增加146.60 kg/hm^(2),产值增加了5998.40元/hm^(2),烟叶均价增加了0.90元/kg,上等烟率增加了11.53%。研究发现采用Spm引发处理能显著提高低温胁迫下烤烟种子的活力,提高早冬大棚育苗烟苗素质、农艺性状和经济性状,对南方烟区烤烟种子加工具有积极意义。
In order to screen the initiators that can improve the cold resistance of tobacco seeds and reduce the adverse effects of low temperature on the seed germination and field growth of tobacco in Southern China,using spermine(SPM)as an initiator and Xiangyan No.5 as the tested material,the effects of different concentrations of SPM initiator on cold resistance,agronomic and economic traits of tobacco were compared.The results showed:Compared with CK,the treatment of 100 g/L negative ion powder+0.25 mmol/L SPM had the best effect,in which the seed germination potential,germination index and seed vigor index were increased by 5.67%,62.49% and 62.48%,respectively;the number of primary lateral roots,secondary lateral roots,tertiary lateral roots and total roots of greenhouse tobacco seedlings increased by 48.72%,29.77%,22.74% and 25.29%,respectively;the plant height,stem circumference,fresh weight and dry weight increased by 16.70%,20.93%,15.98% and 12.74%,respectively;the plant height,stem diameter and maximum leaf area at the round-top stage increased by 7.30%,1.63% and 11.04%,respectively;the yield increased by 146.60 kg/hm^(2),the output value increased by 5998.40 yuan/hm^(2),the average price of tobacco increased by 0.90 yuan/kg,and the rate of top-grade tobacco increased by 11.53%.In conclusion,SPM priming treatment could significantly improve the vigor of tobacco seeds under low temperature stress,improve the seedling quality,agronomic and economic traits of early winter greenhouse tobacco,and has positive significance for tobacco seed processing in southern tobacco areas.
作者
周向平
刘卉
赵阳阳
彭曙光
肖钦之
周立
麻浩
胡日生
ZHOU Xiang-ping;LIU Hui;ZHAO Yang-yang;PENG Shu-guang;XIAO Qin-zhi;ZHOU Li;MA Hao;HU Ri-sheng(Yongzhou Branch of Hunan Provincial Tobacco Corporation,Yongzhou 425000,PRC;National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement,Nanjing Agricultural University,Nanjing 210095,PRC;Hunan Provincial Tobacco Corporation,Changsha 410004,PRC)
出处
《湖南农业科学》
2022年第5期37-40,共4页
Hunan Agricultural Sciences
基金
中国烟草总公司湖南省公司科技项目(HN2020KJ01)。
关键词
烤烟
精胺
种子引发
抗寒性
种子活力
农艺性状
经济性状
tobacco
spermine
seed initiation
cold resistance
seed vigor
agronomic traits
economic traits
