摘要
目的分析广州市增城区近4年肺结核病的流行特点,为肺结核病防治工作提供一定的参考。方法对中国疾病预防控制信息系统的子系统——结核病信息管理系统中2017年1月—2020年12月增城区登记的肺结核病患者资料进行流行特征统计分析。结果4年中该地区共登记肺结核病患者3014例,每年的登记率分别是66.09/10万、61.49/10万、63.41/10万、48.01/10万。发病人群男性68.15%,女性31.85%;发病年龄≤18岁2.02%、>18~40岁40.31%、>40~65岁43.53%、>65岁14.13%。职业分布家务待业33.81%、农民23.52%、工人8.96%、退休人员5.37%、学生4.51%、商业服务4.35%、其他19.48%。痰抗酸杆菌涂片阳性35.73%;仅分子生物学阳性6.44%,每年分别是18例、22例、66例、88例。初治91.61%,复治8.39%。耐药结核菌株感染共占2.79%,每年分别是8例(1.04%)、21例(2.80%)、25例(3.13%)、30例(4.23%)。发病季节指数第一至第四季度分别是83%、130%、117%、71%。4年全局空间自相关分析Ⅰ值分别为-0.244、-0.263、-0.014、0.128,P>0.05;局部空间自相关分析Ⅰ值分别为0.273、0.329、0.034、0.135,P>0.05。结论4年中该地区肺结核年登记率呈逐年下降趋势,发病以男性为主,发病年龄以18~65岁青中年为主,职业以家务待业及农民为主,仅分子生物学阳性的诊断率逐年增高,第二季度和第三季度为发病高峰,全局以及局部空间自相关分析各镇街肺结核病发病无空间聚集性。肺结核病的防控取得了一定的成效,但结核菌耐药率呈上升趋势,应加强肺结核病患者的健康管理措施,降低耐药肺结核病的发生。
Objective To analyze the epidemiological features of tuberculosis in Zengcheng District of Guangzhou city in recent 4 years for best prevention and treatment of pulmonary tuberculosis.Methods The data of tuberculosis patients registered in Zengcheng District from January 2017 to December 2020 in China Disease Control and Prevention Information System were analyzed.Results A total of 3014 cases of tuberculosis were registered in Zengcheng District of Guangzhou from 2017 to 2020.The registration rate was 66.09,61.49,63.41,and 48.01 per 100000 population from 2017 to 2020,respectively.Overall,68.15%of the patients were males and 31.85%were females.At onset of tuberculosis,about 2.02%of the patients were≤18 years old,40.31%were>18-40 years old,43.53%were>40-65 years old,and the remaining 14.13%patients were>65 years old.The occupation of the 3014 patients included household workers(33.81%),farmers(23.52%),workers(8.96%),retirees(5.37%),students(4.51%),business person(4.35%),and others(19.48%).Acid-fast bacilli-positive sputum smear was reported in 35.73%of the patients.About 6.44%of the patients were positive by molecular biological test alone,specifically 18,22,66,and 88 cases respectively from 2017 to 2020.Majority(91.61%)of the patients received initial retreatment,the remaining patients(8.39%)received treatment for recurrent tuberculosis.From 2017 to 2020,the prevalence of drug-resistant tuberculosis was 1.04%(8 cases),2.80%(21 cases),3.13%(25 cases),and 4.23%(30 cases),respectively.The seasonality of tuberculosis from the first to fourth quarter was 83%,130%,117%, and 71%, respectively. From 2017 to 2020, the global spatial autocorrelation analysis resulted in I value of -0.244, -0.263, -0.014, and 0.128, respectively (P>0.05). Local spatial autocorrelation analysis resulted in I value of 0.273, 0.329, 0.034, and 0.135, respectively (P>0.05). Conclusions The annual registration rate of pulmonary tuberculosis in Zengcheng District of Guangzhou has decreased year by year in recent four years. Tuberculosis mainly
作者
姚叶萍
关玉娟
YAO Yeping;GUAN Yujuan(Department of Infectious Diseases,the Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University,Guangzhou 511316,China)
出处
《中国感染与化疗杂志》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2022年第3期260-264,共5页
Chinese Journal of Infection and Chemotherapy
