摘要
为明确追肥及不同追肥方式对烟草抗病性和生长的影响,在重庆市奉节县基地开展田间小区试验,调查追肥及不同追肥方式对烟草生长和抗性的影响.结果表明:追肥处理会对烟株生长产生积极的影响;在15~20d追施N,K复合肥时,会显著促进叶面积、株高、有效叶片数、单叶质量、上等烟比例、产量和产值的增加,且当采用侧窝干施、封窝时,促进效果最明显,能使上等烟比例增加16%,产值较不追肥组增加468元/667m^(2),显著增加收益;且追施N,K复合肥能显著降低烟草病毒病、烟草赤星病和烟草野火病的病情指数,但各追肥方式对病害发病率的影响不大.在移栽后35d追施K_(2)SO_(4)时,会显著促进叶面积、株高、有效叶片数、单叶质量、上等烟比例、产量和产值的增加;当侧窝淋湿K_(2)SO_(4)时,促进效果最明显,能使上等烟比例增加27%,较其他追肥方式增加18%,产值较不追肥组增加619元/667m^(2),显著增加收益;追施K_(2)SO_(4)对烟草病毒病、赤星病和野火病的发病率影响不大,但能显著降低烟草病毒病、赤星病和野火病的病情指数,但各追肥方式对病情指数的影响不大;并且侧窝淋施追施K_(2)SO_(4)相对于侧窝干施追施N,K复合肥,产量可以提高22.39kg/667m^(2),产值可以提高212.75元/667m^(2),显著提高了产量和产值;但侧窝淋施追施K_(2)SO_(4)对烟草的抗病性的影响与侧窝干施追施N、K复合肥差异性不大.
In order to investigate the effects of two different topdressing methods on disease resistance and growth of tobacco,a plot experiment was carried out in Fengjie county of Chongqing.The results showed that topdressing treatment had a positive effect on tobacco plant growth.Application of N and K compound fertilizers at 15-20 days significantly promote the increase of leaf area,plant height,number of effective leaves,single leaf weight,proportion of top tobacco,yield and output value.The promotion effect was the most obvious when the side nest dry application and closed nest were applied,which can increase the proportion of high-quality cigarettes by 16%,and the output value by 468 RMB/667 m 2 compared with the no topdressing group,and significantly increases the income.In addition,applying N and K compound fertilizers can significantly reduce the disease index of tobacco virus disease,tobacco brown spot disease and tobacco wildfire,but the various topdressing methods had little effect on the disease incidence.WhenK_(2)SO_(4) is topdressed at 35 days after transplanting,it significantly promoted the increase of leaf area,plant height,number of effective leaves,leaf weight,proportion of top tobacco,yield and output value.When the lateral fossa was sprayed withK_(2)SO_(4),the promotion effect was the most obvious,which can increase the proportion of high-grade tobacco by 27%,18%higher than that of other topdressing methods.The output value was increased by 619 RMB/667 m 2 compared with the no topdressing group,which can significantly increase the income.TopdressingK_(2)SO_(4) had little effect on incidence of tobacco virus disease,brown spot disease and wildfire disease,but significantly reduced the disease index of tobacco virus disease,brown spot disease and wildfire disease.The methods of topdressing had little effect on disease index.In addition,compared with that of N and K compound fertilizer,application ofK_(2)SO_(4)in the side of nest increased yield by 22.39 kg/667 m 2 and output values by 212.75 RMB/667 m
作者
金亚波
陈天才
王克
朱鑫
陈伦飞
罗建钦
韦建玉
陈海涛
冉茂
王振国
孙现超
JIN Yabo;CHEN Tiancai;WANG Ke;ZHU Xin;CHEN Lunfei;LUO Jianqin;WEI Jianyu;CHEN Haitao;RAN Mao;WANG Zhenguo;SUN Xianchao(China Tobacco Guangxi Industrial Co.,LTD.,Nanning 530001,China;Chongqing Fengjie Branch,China National Tobacco Corporation,Chongqing 404600,China;College of Plant Protection,Southwest University,Chongqing 400715,China;Chongqing Tobacco Research Institute,Chongqing 400715,China)
出处
《植物医学》
2022年第1期26-34,共9页
Plant Health and Medicine
基金
国家自然科学基金面上项目(31870147)
广西中烟工业有限责任公司项目(2021450000340029)
中国烟草总公司重庆市公司科技项目(A20201NY02-1306,B20212NY2312,B20211-NY1315).
关键词
烟草
追肥
农艺性状
产量
抗病性
tobacco
topdressing
agronomic traits
yield
disease resistance
