摘要
目前出土的文书简牍,已达二三十万枚之巨,对战国秦汉历史的研究具有不可估量的重要价值。然而,文书简的性质和特点与传世文献迥异,仅仅重视与利用简文记载,不足以充分发挥其作用,而应将之视为具有考古属性的出土文物进行整理、刊布和研究。本文从文书学与考古学的角度,对文书简研究的取径与方法进行了深入反思,主张将文书简的物质形态和文本形态、出土地和出土遗址的功能区划、簿籍名称、簿籍性质、遗留机构、弃置过程等问题,都纳入分析视野。如此处理,方能充分发挥文书简的价值。当然,若要做到这一程度,现阶段的考古发掘和整理刊布工作也需要再上台阶。
At present,the unearthed documents have reached 200,000 to 300,000 pieces,which are of inestimable value to the study of the history of the Warring States,Qin and Han dynasties.However,the nature and characteristics of the documents are very different from those of the heirloom documents,so it is not enough to give full play to the role of the documentary records,but to consider them as unearthed artifacts with archaeological properties for collation,publication and research.This paper advocates the importance of archaeological information and the style of the documents,focusing on the material and textual forms of the documents,the functional zones of the excavated land and excavated sites,the names of the archives,the nature of the archives,the institutions of the leftover documents,the abandonment process,etc.Of course,if we are to achieve this degree,the current stage of archaeological excavation and collation and publication work also need further improvement.
出处
《出土文献》
CSSCI
2022年第1期110-122,157,158,共15页
Excavated Documents
基金
国家社科基金青年项目“肩水金关汉简通关文书整理与研究”(18CZS010)阶段性成果。
关键词
文书简
文书学
考古学
documentary archives
wenshuxue文书学
archaeological information
