摘要
目的了解甘肃省黑热病病例诊断情况,为制定相应的防治措施提供依据。方法收集中国疾病预防控制信息系统中甘肃省2018年1-12月黑热病病例资料(年龄、性别、发病时间、诊断时间、诊断单位等)。同时,设计病例报告调查表采集病例初诊单位、初诊结果等就诊信息;设计医疗机构诊治调查表对县、乡级医院医生进行黑热病诊治知识(主要流行区、主要症状、常用检测方法、主要治疗药物、药物使用方法)知晓情况调查,计算及格率和知晓率。结果共纳入47例黑热病病例,平均年龄为17岁。其中,男性占57.45%(27/47),女性占42.55%(20/47)。病例初诊医院中,省、市、县、乡级医院所占比例分别为2.13%(1/47)、12.77%(6/47)、42.55%(20/47)、42.55%(20/47);病例确诊医院中,省、市、县、乡级医院所占比例分别为48.94%(23/47)、31.91%(15/47)、19.15%(9/47)、0(0/47)。47例病例初诊至确诊时间最短为1 d,最长为124 d,平均为27 d。共收集县、乡级医院医生有效问卷96份,其中30份得分为60分及以上,及格率为31.25%(30/96)。5项黑热病诊治知识调查中,县、乡级医院医生对"主要治疗药物"知晓率最高,为77.08%(74/96),且两级医院医生知晓率[90.00%(45/50)、63.04%(29/46)]比较差异有统计学意义(χ^(2)=9.86,P=0.002);对"主要症状"知晓率最低,为25.00%(24/96),且两级医院医生知晓率[34.00%(17/50)、15.22%(7/46)]比较差异有统计学意义(χ^(2)=4.51,P=0.034)。结论甘肃省县、乡级医院医生黑热病诊治知识知晓率偏低,诊断能力弱。建议加强临床医生的培训,提高诊断及时性,做到黑热病的早诊断、早报告、早治疗。
Objective To learn about the diagnosis of Kala-azar in Gansu Province,and to provide a basis for formulating corresponding prevention and control measures.Methods The data(age,gender,onset time,diagnosis time,diagnosis unit,etc.)of Kala-azar cases in Gansu Province from January to December 2018 were collected from the China Disease Prevention and Control Information System.At the same time,a case report questionnaire was designed to collect information such as the initial diagnosis unit and initial diagnosis results;a diagnosis and treatment questionnaire of medical institutions was designed to investigate the knowledge of diagnosis and treatment of Kala-azar(main epidemic areas,main symptoms,common detection methods,main therapeutic drugs and drug use methods)among doctors in county and township hospitals,and the pass rate and awareness rate were calculated.Results A total of 47 Kala-azar cases were included,with an average age of 17 years.Among them,men accounted for 57.45%(27/47)and women accounted for 42.55%(20/47).Among the initial diagnosis hospitals,the proportions of provincial,municipal,county and township hospitals were 2.13%(1/47),12.77%(6/47),42.55%(20/47)and 42.55%(20/47),respectively;among the hospitals with confirmed cases,provincial,municipal,county and township hospitals accounted for 48.94%(23/47),31.91%(15/47),19.15%(9/47)and 0(0/47),respectively.The shortest time from initial diagnosis to diagnosis of the 47 cases was 1 day;the longest was 124 days,with an average of 27 days.A total of 96 valid questionnaires were collected from doctors in county and township hospitals,of which 30 scored 60 points or above,and the pass rate was 31.25%(30/96).Among the five surveys on diagnosis and treatment knowledge of Kala-azar,doctors in county and township hospitals had the highest awareness rate of"main therapeutic drugs",which was 77.08%(74/96),and there was significant difference(χ^(2)=9.86,P=0.002)between doctors in the two-level hospitals[90.00%(45/50),63.04%(29/46)].The awareness rate of"main sympto
作者
李凡
杨俊克
杨成明
朱亚东
余大为
Li Fan;Yang Junke;Yang Chengming;Zhu Yadong;Yu Dawei(Department for Parasitic Disease Prevention and Control,Gansu Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Lanzhou 730020,China)
出处
《中华地方病学杂志》
CAS
北大核心
2022年第5期393-396,共4页
Chinese Journal of Endemiology
基金
国家自然科学基金 (81703171)。
关键词
黑热病
诊断
调查
Kala-azar
Diagnosis
Survey
