摘要
以英、美为中心的西方人类学长期占据学科支配地位,包括中国在内的其他地方的人类学则被归至边缘,由此形成了一种人类学知识生产中的霸权。学科研究主要按英美传统开展,主流学术活动中使用英语即是这种霸权的体现之一,此外还有学者的问题意识,理论建构和现实关怀均以英美传统为主流的问题。“世界人类学”则是对此霸权的挑战。它一方面认可植根于不同文化的人类学理念和理论,承认全球不同地方的人类学及其历史的多样性,批判人类学知识生产中的英语中心主义;另一方面倡导世界各国人类学的互联,鼓励更多元的人类学观点的表达。中国学者要发展中国的人类学,实际上与非英语学界发展“世界人类学”、本土人类学的理念一致,从“他者的人类学”发展为中国特色的人类学。要建构中国自主的知识体系,建构中国特色的人类学,既要扎根中国大地,认识到中国独特的历史、文化、国情,也要积极在国际学术界发出中国的声音,为加深对人类的认识贡献中国理论。
Anthropology of the west,with British and American anthropolo gy as the center,has always been in a dominant status,while antliropologies of elsewhere,including that of China,have bee*n marginalized,and therefore a hegemony in the process of knowledge production is formed.Studies in the discipline are mainly conducted in accordance with F^nglish and American tradition,and an outstanding example of such hegemony is the use of the Knglish language in mainstream academic activities.There are other aspects of the hegemony,in that the mainstream of such process,such as the problem awareness of scholars,that of the construction of theories,and that of the concern for reality,are all in said tradition.The“world anthropologies”project is a challenge to said hegemony.It recognizes anthropological thoughts and theories rooted in dif-ferent cultures in the world,criticizing anglocentrism in the knowledge produc-tion process.It also advocates for the connection among anthropologies of different countries,promoting a more diverse expression of anthropological ideas.An-thropology of China,being advanced by Chinese scholars,agrees with the idea of world and indigenous anthropologies advocated by non-English scholars,ele-vating the anthropology of others to the anthropology with Chinese characteris-tics.Constructing a self-determined knowledge system and anthropology with Chinese characteristics requires scholars to recognize the uniqueness of China’s history and culture.It also requires scholars to express Chinese thoughts and ideas in global academic communication,and to add Chinese theories to a bet-ter understanding of mankind.
出处
《社会学评论》
CSSCI
北大核心
2022年第3期28-42,共15页
Sociological Review of China
基金
国家社科基金青年项目“大城市来华外国商人融入模式及对策的人类学研究”(19CSH056)。
关键词
世界人类学
中国人类学
去殖民化
知识霸权
world anthropologies
Chinese anthropology
decolonizing an-thropology
hegemony in knowledge production
