摘要
日本理化学研究所成立于1917年,由于建立初期遭遇了困境,它在20世纪20年代初进行了两方面的改革——研究所制度的改革和研究成果的工业化改革。这两项改革将理研所从发展困境中解脱出来,也为理研所后来的成功奠定了基础。通过讨论理研所的改革情况,从改革前困境、改革措施和成果等三个方面分别梳理了改革过程,并以案例分析,总结这两项改革对理研所带来的影响,认为理研所在20世纪20年代初的这次改革,既提升了理研所的研究实力,也促进了理研所研究成果向工业产品的转化,出现了类似于现在产学研合作中的“以产养研,以研促产”的模式。这对后来日本科学与工业的发展意义重大。
The Institute of Physical and Chemical Research of Japan was founded in 1917. Due to the difficulties encountered in the initial stage of its establishment, it carried out two reforms in the early 1920 s which were the reform of the institute system and the industrialization reform for the research results. These two reforms freed the Institute of Physical and Chemical Research from the predicament of development and laid the foundation for its subsequent success. This paper gathers on the reform of the institute, combs the two reform processes from three aspects: the predicament before the reform, the reform measures and the results, and summarizes the impact of the two reforms on the institute with a case study. This paper holds that the reform of the Institute of Physical and Chemical Research in the early 1920 s not only enhanced the research strength of the institute, but also promoted the transformation of its research results into industrial products, which was similar to the mode of “supporting researches by industry, promoting production by researches” in the current industry-university-research cooperation. This is of great significance for the later development of Japanese science and industry.
作者
于童
朱慧涓
YU Tong;ZHU Huijuan
出处
《科学文化评论》
2021年第6期50-63,共14页
Science & Culture Review
基金
首都师范大学-德国马普学会合作项目
中科院自然科学史研究所“十四五”规划重大突破项目。
关键词
理化学研究所
主任研究员制度
工业化改革
产学研合作
Institute of Physical and Chemical Research
chief researcher system
industrialization reform
industry-university-research cooperation
