摘要
目的:探讨2013—2020年青岛市城阳区流行性出血热流行特征及临床特点,为科学防控流行性出血热提供理论依据。方法:对2013—2020年青岛市城阳区流行性出血热疫情流行概况、三间分布、流行病学史、临床分型、临床症状及疾病转归进行描述性分析,对流行性出血热的季节性趋势特征进行分析。结果:2013—2020年青岛市城阳区流行性出血热年均发病率为0.50/10万,年均死亡率为0.01/10万。发病高峰日期是11月5日,发病高峰期是8月12日到次年1月30日。男女性别比为3.86∶1.00,18~55岁者占79.41%,以务农为主(44.13%),城阳街道、河套街道、上马街道发病数占61.76%,32.35%的病例发病前1个月内有鼠类接触史,29.41%的病例居住地院内有杂草、草堆,29.41%的病例工作场所有鼠或鼠排泄物,91.18%的病例临床分型为轻型及中型。主要的临床症状是发热、乏力、起病急,其次是头痛、腰痛、脸红、恶心。痊愈及症状好转病例占97.06%。结论:青岛市城阳区流行性出血热呈现低流行态势,建议针对当地实际情况制定防控措施,以降低流行性出血热发病率、死亡率。
OBJECTIVETo investigate the epidemic characteristics and clinical characteristics of epidemic hemorrhagic fever in Chengyang district of Qingdao from 2013 to 2020, and to provide a theoretical basis for the scientific prevention and control of epidemic hemorrhagic fever. METHODS Descriptive analyze was adopted to analyze the prevalence situation, three distribution,epidemiological history, clinical classification, clinical symptoms and disease transfer in Chengyang district of Qingdao from 2013 to2020, and the seasonal trend characteristics of epidemic hemorrhagic fever were analyzed by concentration and circular distribution method. RESULTS From 2013 to 2020, the average annual incidence of epidemic hemorrhagic fever in Chengyang district of Qingdao was 0.50/100 000, and the average annual mortality rate was 0.01/100 000. The peak date was November 5 and the peak period was from August 12 to January 30 of the following year. The incidence ratio of male to female was 3.86:1.00, and those aged18 to 55 accounted for 79.41%, mainly farming( 44.13%), and the number of cases in Chengyang, Hetao and Shangma streets accounted for 61.76%. A history of rodent exposure within 1 month of onset in 32.35% of cases, 29.41% of cases had weeds and weeds in the yard, and 29.41% had rat or rat excrement in the workplace;the clinical classification of 91.18% was mild and medium, and the main clinical symptoms were fever, fatigue, acute onset, followed by headache, low back pain, flushing, nausea;recovery and improved symptoms accounted for 97.06%. CONCLUSION Epidemic hemorrhagic fever in Chengyang district showed a low epidemic trend. It was suggested to formulate targeted prevention and control measures combined with the local actual situation to reduce the incidence and mortality rate of epidemic hemorrhagic fever.
作者
刘静
LIU Jing(Department of Infectious disease prevention and control,Center for Disease Control and Prevention in Chengyang District of Qingdao,Qingdao,Shandong,266109,China)
出处
《中国初级卫生保健》
2022年第5期58-61,共4页
Chinese Primary Health Care
关键词
流行性出血热
集中度
圆形分布
流行特征
临床特点
epidemic hemorrhagic fever
concentration
circular distribution
epidemic characteristics
clinical characteristics
