摘要
调查萱草在大同古城墙周边带状绿地的应用、配植状况,记录萱草种类、种植面积、斑块形状、种植方式、应用形式,并从与萱草配植植物的种类、应用频度、观赏特征以及配植方式、群落结构等方面进行分析。调查萱草应用的斑块样地68个,斑块总面积19808 m^(2),萱草总面积16883 m^(2),其中‘大同’黄花面积最大,北黄花菜、大花萱草‘、金娃娃’和‘红运’萱草种植面积较小。萱草应用方式主要是花境栽植;种植方式有片植和丛植2种。与萱草一同种植的风景树、绿篱、草本地被植物共有58种,应用频率较高的前10位是油松、铺地柏、山杏、山桃、山楂、丁香、水蜡、丝棉木、八宝景天、三七景天。分析与萱草一同种植植物的观赏特点,观赏季节主要在春、夏、秋三季;观赏部位占比观花>观叶>观果>观干;春季观赏以红色系为主,夏季观赏以绿色系为主,秋季观赏以黄色系为主。萱草应用植物群落垂直结构有2、3、4层,最常见的是3层“乔—灌—草”结构和4层“乔—灌—矮灌—草”结构,植物层次自然丰富。萱草斑块植物多样性显示,物种丰富度、物种Simpson指数、Shannon-Wiener指数为灌木层>乔木层>草本层,Pielou均匀度指数乔木层>灌木层>草本层。建议增加萱草和常绿植物的种类和应用数量,并强化大同黄花文化品牌效应。
The paper investigated the application and planting design of Hemerocallis in the linear green space around Datong ancient city wall,recorded the species,planting area,patch shape,planting pattern and application form,and carried out the analysis from the aspects of planting design species,application frequency,ornamental characteristics,planting methods and community structure.There were 68 patch plots for Hemerocallis application,covering 19808 m^(2),and the Hemerocallis planting area was 16883 m^(2),wherein,’Datong’daylily had the largest planting area,and H.lilioasphodelus,H.middendorffi,H.fulva’Golden Doll’and H.’Batimore orioie’had relatively small planting area.Flower border was the main form in Hemerocallis application,and its planting patterns were mainly the bunch planting and group planting.There were 58 kinds of landscape trees,hedgerow plants and herbaceous ground cover plants in the planting design with Hemerocallis,and the top ten plants with high application frequency were Pinus tabulaeformis,Sabina procumbens,Prunus armeniaca,Prunus davidiana,Crataegus pinnatifida,Syringa chinensis,Ligustrum obtusifolium,Euonymus bungeanus,Hylotelephium erythrostictum and Sedum aizoon.As to the ornamental features of plants,the ornamental seasons were spring,summer and autumn,and the ornamental parts were flower> leaf> fruit> trunk;for the main color system,it was mainly red,green and yellow in spring,summer and autumn,respectively.There were 2-layer,3-layer and 4-layer vertical structure of Hemerocallis applied plant community,and the most common two were the 3-layer’tree-shrub-herb’and the 4-layer’tree-shrubdwarf shrub-herb’,the plant community was natural and rich.The diversity analysis of green patch plants of Hemerocallis indicated that the sequence of species richness,Simpson index and Shannon-Wiener index were shrub layer> tree layer> herbaceous layer,and the Pielou index was tree layer> shrub layer> herbaceous layer.It is suggested to increase the species and applied quantity of Hemero
作者
刘昌胜
王金耀
李森
邢国明
LIU Changsheng;WANG Jinyao;LI Sen;XING Guoming(College of Horticulture,Shanxi Agricultural University,Taigu,Shanxi 030800)
出处
《中国农学通报》
2022年第10期61-69,共9页
Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin
关键词
萱草
大同古城墙
植物配植
调查分析
带状绿地
绿地斑块
Hemerocallis
Datong ancient city wall
planting design
investigation and analysis
linear green space
green patches
