摘要
目的了解医学院校肥胖学生人格特征及心理干预疗效,为更好地培育医学生健康人格提供科学依据。方法分层随机抽取上海市5所医学院校2020级学生3760名,按《国家学生体质健康标准》筛查肥胖学生,对80名自愿参与者分组(实验组与对照组各40名),对照组不作条件处理,实验组进行为期3个月,每2周1次,120 min/次,共6次的人际团体辅导干预。采用16PF和人际交往能力问卷进行前后测数据分析。结果学生总体肥胖率3.30%,男生肥胖率(8.07%)高于女生(1.22%)(χ^(2)=29.03,P<0.01),农村学生肥胖率(3.72%)高于城市学生(2.30%)(χ^(2)=41.81,P<0.01)。心理干预后,实验组在主动交往、适当拒绝、自我表露维度均高于对照组(t值分别为2.48,3.48,2.29,P值均<0.05),乐群性、兴奋性、心理健康、新环境中有成长能力个性因素均高于对照组(t值分别为2.31,2.18,2.10,2.33,P值均<0.05),敏感性、怀疑性、忧虑性、紧张性、适应与焦虑型均低于对照组(t值分别为-2.20,-2.08,-2.17,-2.20,-2.14,P值均<0.05)。结论人格特征心理干预效果显著,可有效提高肥胖学生的人际沟通能力,完善其人格品质。
Objective To understand the personality traits and the effects of personality-informed intervention among obese students in medical colleges,and to provide a scientific basis for better cultivating the healthy personality of medical students.Methods A total of 3760 students in the class of 2020 from 5 medical colleges were randomly selected in Shanghai.Obesity was defined according to the National Physical Health Standard for Students.A total of 80 students were divided into experiment and control group(each 40).The experimental group received 6 interpersonal group counseling interventions for 3 months,once every 2 weeks for 120 min,while the control group received no intervention.16PF test and Interpersonal Competence Questionnaire were used for pre-test and post-test experiment for data analysis.Results The overall obesity rate of students was 3.30%.Obesity rate of boys(8.07%)was significantly higher than that of girls(1.22%)(χ^(2)=29.03,P<0.01),and obesity rate of rural students(3.72%)was higher than that of urban students(2.30%)(χ^(2)=41.81,P<0.01).Through psychological intervention,active communication,appropriate refusal,self disclosure in the experimental group were significantly higher than the control group(t=2.48,3.48,2.29,P<0.05);the scores of gregariousness,excitement,mental health,adaptation in new environment in the experimental group were significantly higher than those in the control group(t=2.31,2.18,2.10,2.33,P<0.05),sensitivity and suspicion,concern,tension,adaptation and anxiety were significantly lower than those in the control group(t=-2.20,-2.08,-2.17,-2.20,-2.14,P<0.05).Conclusion Personality-informed interventionshowed substantial effects on interpersonal communication ability and personality traits among obese college students.
作者
王叶梅
WANG Yemei(Mental Health Education and Consultation Center,Shanghai University of Medicine&Health Sciences,Shanghai(201318),China)
出处
《中国学校卫生》
CAS
北大核心
2022年第4期553-556,共4页
Chinese Journal of School Health
基金
2021年度上海健康医学院科研基金项目
2020年度技术服务项目(HXXM-20-XLZX-002)。
关键词
肥胖症
精神卫生
干预性研究
人格
学生
Obesity
Mental health
Intervention studies
Personality
Students
