摘要
目的:探讨引起呃逆的药物种类及临床特点,促进安全合理用药。方法:检索1998—2021年中文医药卫生期刊报道的药源性呃逆的患者188例,对患者的年龄、性别、药物分布、给药途径、呃逆出现时间和转归等相关资料进行回顾性统计分析。结果:188例患者中,男176例,女12例,平均年龄(46.23±17.73)岁。引起呃逆的药物涉及15类75种,引起呃逆发生率最高的药物为抗微生物类和肾上腺皮质激素类,均为67例,均占35.64%,其中抗微生物类药物共28种,引起呃逆最多的为青霉素(13例),肾上腺皮质激素类药物共6种,引起呃逆最多的为地塞米松(52例)。188例患者中,单独给药158例,占84.04%;联合用药30例,占15.96%。188例患者中,静脉滴注比例最高,共121例,占64.36%;其次为口服用药,共47例,占25.00%。呃逆发生时间最短是在输液开始后10 min,最长时间是在用药后第14天。呃逆患者多数伴有烦躁等情绪,部分出现恶心甚至呕吐的现象,严重时影响进食、睡眠和呼吸。133例采取了停药措施,未作特殊处理,症状逐渐消失;24例在对症治疗后症状缓解,并逐渐消失;有6例经对症治疗后不能缓解,停药后症状消失;另有25例患者停药对症处理后呃逆缓解并逐渐消失。结论:临床工作中应重视药源性呃逆的发生,以最大程度减轻患者痛苦。
Objective:To investigate the types and clinical characteristics of drugs causing hiccups,and promote safe and rational drug use.Methods:A search was made for 188 patients with drug-induced hiccups reported in Chinese Medical and Health Journals from 1998 to 2021,and retrospective statistical analysis was performed on the age,gender,drug distribution,route of administration,appearance time and outcome of the hiccups and other related data.Results:Among the 188 patients,there were 176 males and 12 females,with an average age of(46.23±17.73)years.The drugs that cause hiccups involved 15 categories and 75 kinds.The drugs with the highest incidence of hiccup are antimicrobial and adrenocortical hormones,accounting for 67 cases(35.64%).Among them,there were 28 kinds of antimicrobial drugs,and penicillin(13 cases)caused the most hiccups.There were 6 types of adrenocortical hormones,and dexamethasone(52 cases)causes the most hiccups.Among the 188 patients,158 cases were received monotherapy(84.04%),and 30 cases were received combination therapy(15.96%).Among the 188 patients,the proportion of intravenous drip was the most common route of administration(121 cases,64.36%),followed by oral medication,a total of 47 cases,accounting for 25.00%.The shortest time for hiccups was 10 minutes after the start of the infusion,and the longest time was on the 14th day after the medication.Most patients with hiccup were accompanied by irritability and other emotions,and some of them had nausea and even vomiting,which seriously affects eating,sleep,and breathing.There were no deaths.133 cases took drug withdrawal measures without special treatment,and the symptoms disappeared gradually.The symptoms of 24 cases were relieved and disappeared gradually after symptomatic treatment.Six cases could not be relieved after symptomatic treatment,and the symptoms disappeared after drug withdrawal.Another 25 patients with hiccup relieved and gradually disappeared after drug withdrawal and symptomatic treatment.Conclusion:In clinical work,attention
作者
彭秋燕
张洁
Peng Qiuyan;Zhang Jie(Tianjin Haihe Hospital,Tianjin 300350)
出处
《天津药学》
2022年第2期36-40,共5页
Tianjin Pharmacy
关键词
药源性呃逆
给药途径
抗微生物类药物
肾上腺皮质激素类药物
文献分析
drug-induced hiccup
route of administration
antimicrobial drugs
adrenocortical hormones
hiccups
literature analysis
